共计 5735 个字符，预计需要花费 15 分钟才能阅读完成。
一 基础环境
1.1 IP 规划
1.2 架构规划
二 高可用 LVS 负载均衡集群部署
2.1 NTP 部署
2.2 部署 httpd 集群
[root@RServer01 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@RServer01 ~]# service iptables stop
[root@RServer01 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@RServer01 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0 #关闭 SELinux 及防火墙
firewall-cmd –permanent–-add-service=keepalived
firewall-cmd –reload
2.3 安装 Keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make kernel-devel kernel-tools kernel-tools-libs kernel libnl libnl-devel libnfnetlink-devel openssl-devel wget openssh-clients #安装基础环境及依赖
[root@lvsmaster ~]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/`uname -r` /usr/src/linux
[root@lvsmaster ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.6.tar.gz
[root@lvsmaster ~]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.3.6.tar.gz #编译安装 Keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cd keepalived-1.3.6/
[root@lvsmaster keepalived-1.3.6]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
[root@Master keepalived-1.3.9]# make && make install
2.4 添加启动相关服务
[root@lvsmaster ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@lvsmaster ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@lvsmaster ~]# vi /etc/init.d/keepalived #创建 Keepalived 启动脚本，如附件
#!/bin/sh
#
# keepalived High Availability monitor built upon LVS and VRRP
#
# chkconfig: – 86 14
# description: Robust keepalive facility to the Linux Virtual Server project \
# with multilayer TCP/IP stack checks.
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: keepalived
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $syslog
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $syslog
# Should-Start: smtpdaemon httpd
# Should-Stop: smtpdaemon httpd
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
# Short-Description: High Availability monitor built upon LVS and VRRP
# Description: Robust keepalive facility to the Linux Virtual Server
# project with multilayer TCP/IP stack checks.
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
exec=”/usr/sbin/keepalived”
prog=”keepalived”
config=”/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf”
[-e /etc/sysconfig/$prog] && . /etc/sysconfig/$prog
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/keepalived
start() {
[-x $exec] || exit 5
[-e $config] || exit 6
echo -n $”Starting $prog: “
daemon $exec $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $”Stopping $prog: “
killproc $prog
retval=$?
echo
[$retval -eq 0] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
reload() {
echo -n $”Reloading $prog: “
killproc $prog -1
retval=$?
echo
return $retval
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status &>/dev/null
}
case “$1” in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
restart
;;
*)
echo $”Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}”
exit 2
esac
exit $
[root@lvsmaster ~]# chmod u+x /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
[root@lvsmaster ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
……
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_Master #表示运行 Keepalived 服务器的一个标识
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #指定 Keepalived 的角色
interface eth0 #指定 HA 监测网络的接口
virtual_router_id 51 #同一个 vrrp 实例使用唯一的标识，即同一个 vrrp_instance 下，Master 和 Backup 必须是一致的
priority 100 #定义优先级，数值越大，优先级越高
advert_int 1 #设定 Mater 和 Backup 负载均衡器之间同步检查时间间隔
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.24.8.100 #设置虚拟 IP 地址
}
}
virtual_server 172.24.8.100 80 {
delay_loop 6 #运行情况检查时间
lb_algo rr #设置负载均衡算法
lb_kind DR #设置 LVS 实现负载均衡的机制，有 NAT/DR/TUN
persistence_timeout 50 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP #指定转发类型
real_server 172.24.8.12 80 {
weight 1 #服务节点的权值，数值越大，权值越高
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 5 #表示无响应超时时间，单位是秒
nb_get_retry 3 #表示重试次数
delay_before_retry 3 #表示重试间隔
}
}
real_server 172.24.8.13 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 5
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
[root@lvsmaster ~]# scp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 172.24.8.11:/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@lvsbackup ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
state BACKUP
priority 80
2.5 安装 IPVS 管理工具
1 [root@lvsmaster ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm2.6 配置 Real Server 节点
1 [root@RServer01 ~]# vi /etc/init.d/lvsrs
2 [root@RServer01 ~]# chmod u+x /etc/init.d/lvsrs2.7 启动集群
[root@RServer01 ~]# service httpd start
[root@RServer01 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@RServer02 ~]# service httpd start
[root@RServer02 ~]# chkconfig httpd on
[root@lvsmaster ~]# service keepalived start
[root@lvsmaster ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
[root@lvsbackup ~]# service keepalived start
[root@lvsbackup ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
[root@RServer01 ~]# service lvsrs start
[root@RServer02 ~]# service lvsrs start
三 测试集群
3.1 高可用功能测试
3.2 负载均衡测试
1 [root@RServer01 ~]# echo 'This is Real Server01!' >>/var/www/html/index.html
2 [root@RServer01 ~]# echo 'This is Real Server02!' >>/var/www/html/index.html3.3 故障切换测试
1 [root@RServer01 ~]# service httpd stop
当关掉其中一个 Real Server 时，访问 VIP，只会显示还处于集群中的 web 节点。
：
