CentOS7 搭建NextCloud私有云盘

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由于公司需要安装了私有云盘，并且强制要求使用 MySQL，我进行了编译安装，大多数文章安装在 / 目录下，由于 / 目录太小，我挂载了一块磁盘，安装在挂载磁盘上。后续还有数据安全等操作，以后会持续更新

一、环境说明

• CentOS 7 以上
• SELinux 关闭
• 防火墙关闭

二、安装 Nginx

添加 EPEL 包的仓库源
yum -y install epel-release
通过 EPEL 仓库来安装 Nginx
 yum -y install nginx

三、安装 PHP7 和 PHP7-FPM

卸载原有 php

yum list installed | grep php

yum remove `yum list installed | grep php`

添加 PHP7-FPM webtatic 仓库，并安装 PHP7 以及功能相关的包

rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

yum -y install php70w-fpm php70w-cli php70w-gd php70w-mcrypt php70w-mysql php70w-pear php70w-xml php70w-mbstring php70w-pdo php70w-json php70w-pecl-apcu php70w-pecl-apcu-devel

四、配置 PHP-FPM

我们需要配置 php-fpm 与 Nginx 协同运行。php7-fpm 将使用 nginx 用户来运行，并监听 9000 端口。
 使用 vim 编辑默认的 php7-fpm 配置文件。

vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

修改以下不连续的记录点，修改用户，指定端口，启用环境变量。

#Line 8，10

user = nginx

group = nginx

#Line 22

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

#Line 366-370

env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME

env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

env[TMP] = /tmp

env[TMPDIR] = /tmp

env[TEMP] = /tmp

保存文件并退出 vim 编辑器.

需要在 /var/lib/ 目录下创建一个新的文件夹 session，并将其拥有者变更为 nginx 用户。最后启动 php-fpm 和 Nginx，并且将它们设置为随开机启动的服务。（不创建授权无法登录）

mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session

chown nginx:nginx -R /var/lib/php/session/

sudo systemctl start php-fpm

sudo systemctl start nginx

sudo systemctl enable php-fpm

sudo systemctl enable nginx

五、二进制安装数据库 MySQL5.6.40

1. 添加用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

2．下载去官网

cd /usr/local/src

3．解压

tar xf mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

mv  mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  ./../mysql

4. 授权

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data

cd /usr/local

chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

5. 初始化

/usr/local/scripts/mysql_install_db  –user=mysql –basedir=/usr/local/mysql  –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql

chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql

6. 准备配置文件

cd /usr/local/mysql

\cp support-files/my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf
 \cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
 chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改 mysql 配置文件

vim /etc/my.conf

[mysqld]

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user = mysql

symbolic-links=0

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqld_safe]

log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

7. 启动 MySQL

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

8. 设置 PATH 路径

echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH’ >>/etc/profile
 source /etc/profile
 which mysql

9. 设置 sock 软链接

ln -s /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

ll /tmp/

10. 设置密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘waming@2030’

mysql -uroot -pwaming@2030

六、设置 nextcloud 数据库

mysql -u root -p123456

输入以下 mysql 语句来创建新的数据库和用户。

create database nextcloud_db;

create user ‘nextclouduser’@’localhost’ identified by ‘123456’;

grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by ‘123456’;

flush privileges;

exit

七、安装 SSL 证书

我们可以自己生成 SSL 证书，也可以申请专业的 SSL 证书。
 自签名的 SSL 证书在使用的时候会报错，建议使用有资质的 SSL 证书。
 安装过程如下：
 为 SSL 文件创建新目录：

mkdir -p /etc/nginx/cert/

可以使用 OpenSSL 自签名证书，但是更推荐使用具有官方认证的 SSL 证书

openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.crt -keyout /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.key

在该目录下储存申请过的 SSL 证书，并设置证书的权限：

chmod 700 /etc/nginx/cert

chmod 600 /etc/nginx/cert/*

八、下载和初步安装 Nextcloud

找到正确的官方下载库：https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/

先进入目录，然后使用 wget 从官网下载最新的 Nextcloud 13。

cd /usr/local/src

wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-13.0.2.zip

unzip nextcloud-13.0.2.zip

mv nextcloud /u01/

cd /u01/nextcloud

mkdir data

cd ..

chown nginx:nginx -R nextcloud/

九、配置 Nginx 转发规则

我们需要在 Nginx 的配置文件下写入有关 nextcloud 的转发协议。
 我们可以直接新建一个配置文件并写入信息，当 Nginx 重新加载后就能使用配置文件了。

cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/

vim nextcloud.conf

[mysqld]

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user = mysql

symbolic-links=0

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqld_safe]

log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

[root@nextcloud-master local]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf

upstream php-handler {

  server 127.0.0.1:9000;

  #server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;

}

server {

  listen 80;

  server_name localhost;

  # enforce https

  rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent;

}

server {

  listen 443 ssl;

  server_name localhost;

  ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.crt;

  ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/cert/cloud.example.com.key;

  # Add headers to serve security related headers

  # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this

  # topic first.

  add_header Strict-Transport-Security “max-age=15768000;

  includeSubDomains; preload;”;

  add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;

  add_header X-Frame-Options “SAMEORIGIN”;

  add_header X-XSS-Protection “1; mode=block”;

  add_header X-Robots-Tag none;

  add_header X-Download-Options noopen;

  add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;

  # Path to the root of your installation

  root /u01/nextcloud/;

  location = /robots.txt {

    allow all;

    log_not_found off;

    access_log off;

  }

  # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.

  # Uncomment it if you’re planning to use this app.

  #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;

  #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json

  # last;

  location = /.well-known/carddav {

  return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;

  }

  location = /.well-known/caldav {

  return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;

  }

  # set max upload size

  client_max_body_size 10240M;

  fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

  # Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header

  gzip off;

  # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module

  # This module is currently not supported.

  #pagespeed off;

  error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;

  error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;

  location / {

    rewrite ^ /index.php$uri;

  }

  location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {

    deny all;

  }

  location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {

    deny all;

  }

  location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {

    include fastcgi_params;

    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;

    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;

    fastcgi_param HTTPS on;

    #Avoid sending the security headers twice

    fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;

    fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;

    fastcgi_pass php-handler;

    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

    fastcgi_request_buffering off;

  }

  location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {

    try_files $uri/ =404;

    index index.php;

  }

  # Adding the cache control header for js and css files

  # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block

  location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {

    try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;

    add_header Cache-Control “public, max-age=7200”;

    # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to

    # have those duplicated to the ones above)

    # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into

    # this topic first.

    add_header Strict-Transport-Security “max-age=15768000;

    includeSubDomains; preload;”;

    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;

    add_header X-Frame-Options “SAMEORIGIN”;

    add_header X-XSS-Protection “1; mode=block”;

    add_header X-Robots-Tag none;

    add_header X-Download-Options noopen;

    add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;

    # Optional: Don’t log access to assets

    access_log off;

  }

  location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {

    try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;

    # Optional: Don’t log access to other assets

    access_log off;

  }

}

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

路径更换，也许不用更换也可以，我没有尝试

注销 38-57 行

重启 nginx

systemctl restart nginx

十、登录

登录输入你自己的主机 IP 即可设置进入设置界面

也可以使用 Mariadb，下边是安装配置方法

这里使用 MariaDB 作为 Nextcloud 的数据库。可以直接使用 yum 命令从 CentOS 默认远程仓库中安装 mariadb-server 包。也可以安装 mysql 都可以

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

systemctl start mariadb

systemctl enable mariadb

ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql

使用 MySQL 初始化指令初始化 root 用户，默认密码为空。

mysql_secure_installation

# 配置过程

Set root password? [Y/n] Y

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

先使用命令登录 MySQL

mysql -u root -p

输入以下 mysql 查询语句来创建新的数据库和用户。

create database nextcloud_db;

create user ‘nextclouduser’@’localhost’ identified by ‘123456’;

grant all privileges on nextcloud_db.* to nextclouduser@localhost identified by ‘123456’;

flush privileges;

exit

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