CentOS 7.3配置HTTPS服务

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环境为 CentOS 7.3、httpd2.4.6

一 搭建证书

说明：

CA 主机为 192.168.29.3
client 主机为 192.168.29.100

1 生成私钥

[root@centos7 ~]# (umask 077 ; openssl genrsa -out /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 4096)
Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
.....................++
...........................................................................................................................................................................................++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

2 生成自签证书

[root@centos7 ~]# openssl req -new -x509 -key /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem  -out /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -days 365
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:Company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:OPS
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.test.com
Email Address []:
[root@centos7 ~]#

3 为 CA 提供所需的目录及文件

（1）所需目录，如果无，则创建

    /etc/pki/CA/certs/
    /etc/pki/CA/crl/
    /etc/pki/CA/newcerts/

（2）所需文件

[root@centos7 ~]# touch  /etc/pki/CA/serial #序列号文件 
[root@centos7 ~]# touch  /etc/pki/CA/index.txt #数据库文件 

（3）

[root@centos7 ~]# echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial #维护 ca 的序列号 

4 在 client 上进行如下操作

（1）创建放置公钥私钥的文件夹

[root@CentOS7 ~]# mkdir /etc/httpd/ssl

（2）生成自己的私钥

[root@CentOS7 ~]# (umask 077; openssl genrsa -out /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.key 2048)
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.......................................+++
...................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@CentOS7 ~]#

（3）请 CA 为自己生成公钥

[root@CentOS7 ~]# openssl req -new -key /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.key -out /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.csr -days 365
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:Company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:OPS
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.test.com
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:

（4）把生成的公钥发送给 CA

[root@CentOS7 ~]# scp  /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.csr root@192.168.29.3:/tmp/
The authenticity of host '192.168.29.3 (192.168.29.3)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is f2:2e:89:a2:8d:22:22:9c:a9:f8:c9:19:18:d3:b6:c4.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.29.3' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.29.3's password: 
httpd.csr                               100% 1005     1.0KB/s   00:00  

5 在 CA 主机上为 client 签证

[root@centos7 ~]# openssl ca -in /tmp/httpd.csr  -out /etc/pki/CA/certs/httpd.crt -days 365
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
        Validity
            Not Before: Jun  3 02:54:23 2017 GMT
            Not After : Jun  3 02:54:23 2018 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = CN
            stateOrProvinceName       = BeiJing
            organizationName          = Company
            organizationalUnitName    = OPS
            commonName                = www.test.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                5D:A9:5A:90:29:F3:3A:7F:76:BE:21:78:14:80:E5:FB:5E:03:D8:D9
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
                keyid:9E:1E:F3:84:4D:D0:79:E2:BD:DD:A8:50:29:6C:BA:0C:21:60:CA:96
Certificate is to be certified until Jun  3 02:54:23 2018 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated

6 把签署的证书发给 client

[root@centos7 ~]# scp  /etc/pki/CA/certs/httpd.crt   root@192.168.29.100:/etc/httpd/ssl/
The authenticity of host '192.168.29.100 (192.168.29.100)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 32:16:f3:2d:78:65:9f:a0:31:6c:dc:b9:24:e7:5a:8f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.29.100' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.29.100's password: 
httpd.crt                               100% 5711     5.6KB/s   00:00    

二 HTTPS 配置

7 安装 mod_ssl 模块

[root@CentOS7 ~]# yum install mod_ssl -y

8 修改配置文件 /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf

DocumentRoot "/data/https"
ServerName www.test.com:443
    <Directory "data/https">
         AllowOverride None
         Require all granted
        </Directory>
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.crt

SSLCertificateKeyFile  /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.crt

注意：

 并修该 /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.crt、/etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.crt 两个文件的属性，确保 apach 为可读就行，当然也可放在默认文件夹下，就不需要修改权限了。[root@CentOS7 ~]#chmod  +r  /etc/httpd/ssl/httpd.key

9 检查语法

[root@CentOS7 ~]# httpd -t
Syntax OK

10 修给默认页面

[root@CentOS7 ~]# echo "www.test.com" > /data/https/index.html

11 启动 http 服务

[root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

12 把 CA 的自签证书传到桌面

[root@centos7 ~]# sz /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem

改名为 cacert.crt

双击导入 IE 浏览器

13 配置 DNS 解析

 www.test.com 为 192.168.29.100

或者 修改 windows 下的 C:\Windows\Systeme32\drivers\etc\hosts 文件

192.168.29.100  www.test.com    

14 打开 IE 浏览器测试

 输入 https://www.test.com

好了 成功了 好用成就感呀！！

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