CentOS7.0安装配置Kafka集群

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1. 简介

Kafka 是一种高吞吐的分布式发布订阅消息系统，能够替代传统的消息队列用于解耦合数据处理，缓存未处理消息等，同时具有更高的吞吐率，支持分区、多副本、冗余，因此被广泛用于大规模消息数据处理应用。Kafka 支持 Java 及多种其它语言客户端，可与 Hadoop、Storm、Spark 等其它大数据工具结合使用。

本教程主要介绍 Kafka 在 CentOS7 上的安装和使用，包括功能验证和集群的简单配置。

2. 环境准备

3. 安装 JDK

Kafka 使用 Zookeeper 来保存相关配置信息，Kafka 及 Zookeeper 依赖 Java 环境，有关 CentOS7.0 安装 JDK 请参考：CentOS7 安装 JDK1.8

4. 安装配置 zookeeper 集群

有关 Zookeeper 的集群请参考：CentOS7 安装配置 Zookeeper 集群

5. 下载 Kafka

4.1. 下载 Kafka

 [dtadmin@apollo~]$ sudo wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/kafka/0.10.2.1/kafka_2.11-0.10.2.1.tgz 

6.Kafka 集群安装与配置

6.1. 安装 Kafka

# 解压 Kafka
[root@apollo dtadmin]# sudo tar -zxvf kafka_2.11-0.10.2.1.tgz 
# 移到目录 /opt 下
[root@apollo dtadmin]# sudo mv kafka_2.11-0.10.2.1 /opt/kafka

6.2. 配置 kafka 环境变量

[root@apollo dtadmin]# vim /etc/profile
# 添加如下内容：
KAFKA_HOME=/opt/kafka
PATH=$PATH:$KAFKA_HOME/bin
export PATH KAFKA_HOME

6.3. 配置 Kafka

# 创建日志存放目录
[root@apollo dtadmin]# cd /opt/kafka
[root@apollo kafka]# mkdir -p log/kafka
# 修改配置文件 /opt/kafka/config/server.properties
[root@apollo dtadmin]# vim /opt/kafka/config/server.properties
# 修改内容如下：
broker.id=181
delete.topic.enable=true
listeners = PLAINTEXT://apollo.dt.com:9092
log.dirs=/opt/kafka/log/kafka
zookeeper.connect=192.168.56.181:2181,192.168.56.182:2181,192.168.56.183:2181

样例配置文件：

[root@apollo dtadmin]# vim /opt/kafka/config/server.properties
#######
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# see kafka.server.KafkaConfig for additional details and defaults

############################# Server Basics #############################

# The id of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
broker.id=181
port=9092
# Switch to enable topic deletion or not, default value is false
delete.topic.enable=true

############################# Socket Server Settings #############################

# The address the socket server listens on. It will get the value returned from 
# java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName() if not configured.
#   FORMAT:
#     listeners = listener_name://host_name:port
#   EXAMPLE:
listeners = PLAINTEXT://apollo.dt.com:9092
#listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092

# Hostname and port the broker will advertise to producers and consumers. If not set, 
# it uses the value for "listeners" if configured.  Otherwise, it will use the value
# returned from java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName().
#advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092

# Maps listener names to security protocols, the default is for them to be the same. See the config documentation for more details
#listener.security.protocol.map=PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL

# The number of threads handling network requests
num.network.threads=3

# The number of threads doing disk I/O
num.io.threads=8

# The send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) used by the socket server
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400

# The receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) used by the socket server
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400

# The maximum size of a request that the socket server will accept (protection against OOM)
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600


############################# Log Basics #############################

# A comma seperated list of directories under which to store log files
log.dirs=/opt/kafka/log/kafka
# The default number of log partitions per topic. More partitions allow greater
# parallelism for consumption, but this will also result in more files across
# the brokers.
num.partitions=1

# The number of threads per data directory to be used for log recovery at startup and flushing at shutdown.
# This value is recommended to be increased for installations with data dirs located in RAID array.
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1

############################# Log Flush Policy #############################

# Messages are immediately written to the filesystem but by default we only fsync() to sync
# the OS cache lazily. The following configurations control the flush of data to disk.
# There are a few important trade-offs here:
#    1. Durability: Unflushed data may be lost if you are not using replication.
#    2. Latency: Very large flush intervals may lead to latency spikes when the flush does occur as there will be a lot of data to flush.
#    3. Throughput: The flush is generally the most expensive operation, and a small flush interval may lead to exceessive seeks.
# The settings below allow one to configure the flush policy to flush data after a period of time or
# every N messages (or both). This can be done globally and overridden on a per-topic basis.

# The number of messages to accept before forcing a flush of data to disk
#log.flush.interval.messages=10000

# The maximum amount of time a message can sit in a log before we force a flush
#log.flush.interval.ms=1000

############################# Log Retention Policy #############################

# The following configurations control the disposal of log segments. The policy can
# be set to delete segments after a period of time, or after a given size has accumulated.
# A segment will be deleted whenever *either* of these criteria are met. Deletion always happens
# from the end of the log.

# The minimum age of a log file to be eligible for deletion due to age
log.retention.hours=168

# A size-based retention policy for logs. Segments are pruned from the log as long as the remaining
# segments don't drop below log.retention.bytes. Functions independently of log.retention.hours.
#log.retention.bytes=1073741824

# The maximum size of a log segment file. When this size is reached a new log segment will be created.
log.segment.bytes=1073741824

# The interval at which log segments are checked to see if they can be deleted according
# to the retention policies
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
############################# Zookeeper #############################

# Zookeeper connection string (see zookeeper docs for details).
# This is a comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
# server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002".
# You can also append an optional chroot string to the urls to specify the
# root directory for all kafka znodes.
zookeeper.connect=192.168.56.181:2181,192.168.56.182:2181,192.168.56.183:2181

# Timeout in ms for connecting to zookeeper
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000

注：以同样方法配置其它两台服务器。

7. 启动 zookeeper 集群

7.1. 在每台机器上启动 zookeeper, 每台机器都要启动

[root@apollo dtadmin]# zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@apollo dtadmin]# zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

[root@artemis dtadmin]# zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@artemis dtadmin]# zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower


[root@uranus dtadmin]# zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@uranus dtadmin]# zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/zookeeper/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

7.2. 启动 kafka 集群

[root@apollo dtadmin]# kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties 

[root@artemis dtadmin]# kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties

[root@uranus dtadmin]# kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties

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Kafka 的详细介绍：请点这里
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本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-06/144951.htm