如何利用zabbix api 来增加监控

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众所周知，zabbix 是一款强大的分布式监控系统，集各家所长于一体，得到了广大 SA 的认可。其强大的管理界面也极其方便，但是美中不足的是，如果同时有大批量（50 台 +）的服务器需要添加监控时，这时，其图形界面反而显得有些臃肿了，好在 zabbix 提供了一套强大的 API 管理接口，我们可以使用它快速地添加成千上万台服务器。

根据日常工作中常用到 zabbix 的功能，整理以下功能

1. 基于 zabbix 官方 api

2. 提供查询单个或者多个 host、hostgroup、template 功能

3. 提供增加 host,hostgroup 功能

4. 提供 disable host 功能

5. 增加删除 host 功能

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8
import json
import urllib2
from urllib2 import URLError
import sys,argparse
class zabbix_api:
def __init__(self):
self.url = 'http://localhost/api_jsonrpc.php' #修改 URL
self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}
def user_login(self):
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "user.login",
"params": {
"user": "Admin", #修改用户名
"password": "zabbix" #修改密码
},
"id": 0
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "33[041m 用户认证失败，请检查 !33[0m", e.code
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
#print response['result']
self.authID = response['result']
return self.authID
def host_get(self,hostName=''):
data=json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "host.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"filter":{"host":hostName}
},
"auth": self.user_login(),
"id": 1
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
print 'We failed to reach a server.'
print 'Reason:', e.reason
elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
print 'Error code:', e.code
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
#print response
result.close()
print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m"%(len(response['result']))
for host in response['result']:
status={"0":"OK","1":"Disabled"}
available={"0":"Unknown","1":"available","2":"Unavailable"}
#print host
if len(hostName)==0:
print "HostID : %st HostName : %st Status :33[32m%s33[0m t Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
else:
print "HostID : %st HostName : %st Status :33[32m%s33[0m t Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
return host['hostid']
def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName=''):
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc":"2.0",
"method":"hostgroup.get",
"params":{
"output": "extend",
"filter": {"name": hostgroupName}
},
"auth":self.user_login(),
"id":1,
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "Error as", e
else:
#print result.read()
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
#print response()
for group in response['result']:
if len(hostgroupName)==0:
print "hostgroup: 33[31m%s33[0m tgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
else:
print "hostgroup: 33[31m%s33[0mtgroupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
self.hostgroupID = group['groupid']
return group['groupid']
def template_get(self,templateName=''):
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc":"2.0",
"method": "template.get",
"params": {
"output": "extend",
"filter": {"name":templateName}
},
"auth":self.user_login(),
"id":1,
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "Error as", e
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
#print response
for template in response['result']:
if len(templateName)==0:
print "template : 33[31m%s33[0mt id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid'])
else:
self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid']
print "Template Name : 33[31m%s33[0m"%templateName
return response['result'][0]['templateid']
def hostgroup_create(self,hostgroupName):
if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName):
print "hostgroup 33[42m%s33[0m is exist !"%hostgroupName
sys.exit(1)
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "hostgroup.create",
"params": {"name": hostgroupName},
"auth": self.user_login(),
"id": 1
})
request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "Error as", e
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
print "33[042m 添加主机组:%s33[0m hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response['result']['groupids'])
def host_create(self, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName):
if self.host_get(hostip):
print "33[041m 该主机已经添加!33[0m"
sys.exit(1)
group_list=[]
template_list=[]
for i in hostgroupName.split(','):
var = {}
var['groupid'] = self.hostgroup_get(i)
group_list.append(var)
for i in templateName.split(','):
var={}
var['templateid']=self.template_get(i)
template_list.append(var)
data = json.dumps({
"jsonrpc":"2.0",
"method":"host.create",
"params":{
"host": hostip,
"interfaces": [
{
"type": 1,
"main": 1,
"useip": 1,
"ip": hostip,
"dns": "","port":"10050"
}
],
"groups": group_list,
"templates": template_list,
},
"auth": self.user_login(),
"id":1
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "Error as", e
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
print "添加主机 : 33[42m%s31[0m tid :33[31m%s33[0m" % (hostip, response['result']['hostids'])
def host_disable(self,hostip):
data=json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "host.update",
"params": {"hostid": self.host_get(hostip),
"status": 1
},
"auth": self.user_login(),
"id": 1
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except URLError as e:
print "Error as", e
else:
response = json.loads(result.read())
result.close()
print '---- 主机现在状态 ------------'
print self.host_get(hostip)
def host_delete(self,hostid):
hostid_list=[]
#print type(hostid)
for i in hostid.split(','):
var = {}
var['hostid'] = self.host_get(i)
hostid_list.append(var)
data=json.dumps({
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "host.delete",
"params": hostid_list,
"auth": self.user_login(),
"id": 1
})
request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
for key in self.header:
request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
try:
result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
except Exception,e:
print e
else:
result.close()
print "主机 33[041m %s33[0m 已经删除 !"%hostid
if __name__ == "__main__":
zabbix=zabbix_api()
parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='zabbix api',usage='%(prog)s [options]')
parser.add_argument('-H','--host',nargs='?',dest='listhost',default='host',help='查询主机')
parser.add_argument('-G','--group',nargs='?',dest='listgroup',default='group',help='查询主机组')
parser.add_argument('-T','--template',nargs='?',dest='listtemp',default='template',help='查询模板信息')
parser.add_argument('-A','--add-group',nargs=1,dest='addgroup',help='添加主机组')
parser.add_argument('-C','--add-host',dest='addhost',nargs=3,metavar=('192.168.2.1', 'test01,test02', 'Template01,Template02'),help='添加主机, 多个主机组或模板使用分号')
parser.add_argument('-d','--disable',dest='disablehost',nargs=1,metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='禁用主机')
parser.add_argument('-D','--delete',dest='deletehost',nargs='+',metavar=('192.168.2.1'),help='删除主机, 多个主机之间用分号')
parser.add_argument('-v','--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 1.0')
if len(sys.argv)==1:
print parser.print_help()
else:
args=parser.parse_args()
if args.listhost != 'host' :
if args.listhost:
zabbix.host_get(args.listhost)
else:
zabbix.host_get()
if args.listgroup !='group':
if args.listgroup:
zabbix.hostgroup_get(args.listgroup)
else:
zabbix.hostgroup_get()
if args.listtemp != 'template':
if args.listtemp:
zabbix.template_get(args.listtemp)
else:
zabbix.template_get()
if args.addgroup:
zabbix.hostgroup_create(args.addgroup[0])
if args.addhost:
zabbix.host_create(args.addhost[0], args.addhost[1], args.addhost[2])
if args.disablehost:
zabbix.host_disable(args.disablehost)
if args.deletehost:
zabbix.host_delete(args.deletehost[0])

 直接执行 python zabbix_api.py
usage: zabbix_api.py [options]
zabbix api
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-H [LISTHOST], --host [LISTHOST]
查询主机
-G [LISTGROUP], --group [LISTGROUP]
查询主机组
-T [LISTTEMP], --template [LISTTEMP]
查询模板信息
-A ADDGROUP, --add-group ADDGROUP
添加主机组
-C 192.168.2.1 test01,test02 Template01,Template02, --add-host 192.168.2.1 test01,test02 Template01,Template02
添加主机, 多个主机组或模板使用分号
-d 192.168.2.1, --disable 192.168.2.1
禁用主机
-D 192.168.2.1 [192.168.2.1 ...], --delete 192.168.2.1 [192.168.2.1 ...]
删除主机, 多个主机之间用分号
-v, --version show program's version number and exit

#!/usr/bin/python
#新增帮助信息，可直接执行脚本
zabbix=zabbix_api()
#获取所有主机列表
zabbix.host_get()
#查询单个主机列表
zabbix.host_get('192.168.2.1')
#获取所有主机组列表
zabbix.hostgroup_get()
#查询单个主机组列表
zabbix.hostgroup_get('test01')
#获取所有模板列表
zabbix.template_get()
#查询单个模板信息
zabbix.template_get('Template OS Linux')
#添加一个主机组
zabbix.hostgroup_create('test01')
#添加一个主机，支持将主机添加进多个组，多个模板，多个组、模板之间用逗号隔开，如果添加的组不存在，新创建组
zabbix.host_create('192.168.2.1', 'test01', 'Template OS Linux')
zabbix.host_create('192.168.2.1', 'Linux servers,test01', 'Template OS Linux,Template App MySQL')
#禁用一个主机
zabbix.host_disable('192.168.2.1')
#删除 host, 支持删除多个，之间用逗号
zabbix.host_delete('192.168.2.1,192.168.2.2')

注：以上代码摘自互联网，个人感觉还是有点糙，主要同未实现增加主机别名和 IP 对应的功能。这里记下，以后在此基础上再做些优化。

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