共计 15870 个字符，预计需要花费 40 分钟才能阅读完成。
第一步：获取 MySQL YUM 源
进入 mysql 官网获取 RPM 包下载地址
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
点击下载
获取到下载链接：
https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
——————————————————————————–
第二步：下载和安装 mysql 源
•进入 mysql 文件夹，没有的自行创建
[root@VM_0_10_CentOS /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
•下载源安装包
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
–2018-08-04 10:29:39– https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)… 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-RedHat-package-manager]
Saving to:‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’
100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) –‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
•安装 mysql 源
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
第三步：在线安装 MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
下载东西比较多，等几分钟。
第四步：启动 Mysql 服务
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
第五步：设置开机启动
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
第六步：修改 root 本地登录密码
mysql 安装完成之后，在 /var/log/mysqld.log 文件中给 root 生成了一个临时的默认密码。用 grep 命令搜一下
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep “A temporary password is generated for root@localhost” /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
这里有三条搜索结果，因为我重复装了 3 次 MySQL，如果第一次安装是只会有一条的。
直接拿到临时默认密码 : nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
•登录 MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
•更改 root 账户临时密码
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>
linuxidc@linuxidc.com 请替换成你自己的密码。
(备注 mysql8.0 默认密码策略要求密码必须是大小写字母数字特殊字母的组合，至少 8 位)
第七步：创建新用户、授权、远程登录（不要直接使用 root 账户登录）
•创建 linuxidc-mp 用户并且授权远程登录
mysql> CREATE USER ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>
•在 sqlyog 客户端用 linuxidc-mp 账户登录（其他客户端也可以，随意）
发现会报 plugin caching_sha2_password 错误。这是因为 MySQL8.0 密码策略默认为 caching_sha2_password。与 5.7 有所不同。
•进入 MySQL 数据库查询 user 表信息
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,plugin from user;
+——————+———–+———————–+
| user | host | plugin |
+——————+———–+———————–+
| linuxidc-mp | % | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+——————+———–+———————–+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
发现确实是 caching_sha2_password
•依次执行下面语句
mysql> ALTER USER ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
再次登录就可以登录成功了。
第 8 步：编码
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%’;
+————————–+——————————–+
| Variable_name | Value |
+————————–+——————————–+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+————————–+——————————–+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
MySQL8.0 默认就是 utf8mb4 编码，无需更改。
OK 至此 Mysql 安装配置完毕；
全流程操作记录
[root@VM_0_10_centos ~]#
[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
–2018-08-04 10:29:39– https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)… 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to:‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’
100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) –‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch
Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql80-community-release noarch el7-1 /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 31 k
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total size: 31 k
Installed size: 31 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1
Verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1
Installed:
mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1
Complete!
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel 12641/12641
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
—> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 349 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 26 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 541 k
mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 2.2 M
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 377 M
Installed size: 1.7 G
Downloading packages:
(1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 541 kB 00:00:05
(2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 26 MB 00:00:12
(3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 349 MB 00:02:26
(4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:03:37
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————–
Total 1.7 MB/s | 377 MB 00:03:43
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4
Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4
Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4
Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4
Installed:
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7
Complete!
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep “A temporary password is generated for root@localhost” /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> CREATE USER ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,plugin from user;
+——————+———–+———————–+
| user | host | plugin |
+——————+———–+———————–+
| linuxidc-mp | % | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+——————+———–+———————–+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER ‘linuxidc-mp’@’%’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘linuxidc@linuxidc.com’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like ‘%character%’;
+————————–+——————————–+
| Variable_name | Value |
+————————–+——————————–+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+————————–+——————————–+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
这里有个问题，新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错：
原因是因为 MySQL 有密码设置的规范，具体是与 validate_password_policy 的值有关：
MySQL 完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘validate_password%’;
+————————————–+——-+
| Variable_name | Value |
+————————————–+——-+
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length | 4 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy | LOW |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+————————————–+——-+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
密码的长度是由 validate_password_length 决定的，而 validate_password_length 的计算公式是：
validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)
我的是已经修改过的，初始情况下第一个的值是 ON，validate_password_length 是 8。可以通过如下命令修改：
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
：
