Red Hat Linux 6.4 安装 Oracle 10g 及问题解决

共计 20993 个字符，预计需要花费 53 分钟才能阅读完成。

记录下 Red Hat Linux 6.4 安装 Oracle 10g 及问题解决的过程，希望对大家有所参考。也许在 RHEL6 64 版本上安装 64 位 Oracle 10g 的问题是最多的, 估计很多人都被这个虐过无数次(很多人都是 Oracle 虐我无数遍，我待 Oracle 如初恋)。从网上搜索关于这方面的内容就可见一斑。好，废话少说，正式进入正题。

安装介质 Oracle 可以到 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-07/39248.htm  与 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-04/59065.htm 下载。

1、依赖包的检查

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64

package compat-libstdc++-33 is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-33.i686 is not installed

elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

package elfutils-libelf-devel is not installed

package gcc is not installed

package gcc-c++ is not installed

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

package glibc.i686 is not installed

glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

package glibc-devel is not installed

package glibc-devel.i686 is not installed

package glibc-headers is not installed

package ksh is not installed

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

package libaio.i686 is not installed

package libaio-devel is not installed

package libaio-devel.i686 is not installed

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

package libgcc.i686 is not installed

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

package libstdc++.i686 is not installed

package libstdc++-devel is not installed

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]#

安装依赖包

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]# yum install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat

Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

rhe16                                                                                                                                                                        | 3.9 kB    00:00 …

rhe16/primary_db                                                                                                                                                            | 3.1 MB    00:00 …

Setting up Install Process

Package binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package 1:make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Resolving Dependencies

–> Running transaction check

—> Package compat-libstdc++-33.i686 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed

—> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed

—> Package elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.152-1.el6 will be installed

.

.

.

  Verifying  : cpp-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                        22/22

Installed:

  compat-libstdc++-33.i686 0:3.2.3-69.el6 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.152-1.el6 gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6              gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6

  glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.107.el6            glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.107.el6        glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6        glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-19.el6

  libaio.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6            libaio-devel.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6        libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6      libgcc.i686 0:4.4.7-3.el6            libstdc++.i686 0:4.4.7-3.el6

  libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6 

Dependency Installed:

  cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-358.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.9-11.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6

Complete!

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]#

再次检查通过：

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

ksh-20100621-19.el6.x86_64

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]#

2、vi /etc/sysctl.conf

#use for oracle

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

3、vi /etc/security/limits.conf

#use for oracle

* soft nproc 2047

* hard nproc 16384

* soft nofile 1024

* hard nofile 65536

4、vi /etc/pam.d/login

# use for oracle

session required pam_limits.so

5、vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

SELINUXTYPE=disabled

6、创建用户和组

groupadd oinstall    添加两个组

groupadd dba

useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle  添加用户

id oracle    为 Oracle 用户设置密码

passwd oracle

7、创建安装目录

 mkdir -p /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2

使用如下命令创建 Oracle 的安装目录并更改权限：

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/

chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chown -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

8、创建 oracle 环境变量

vi .bash_profile

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID=orcl

ORACLE_TERM=xterm

PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64

TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

ORACLE_ADMIN=$ORACLE_BASE/admin

#CLASSPATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH TNS_ADMIN ORACLE_ADMIN

#export CLASSPATH

9、解压安装包，准备安装 oracle 数据库

gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz

若为.cpio.gz

文件，则再次执行：

cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio

[oracle@linuxidc u01]$ ls

10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio  app  database

[oracle@linuxidc u01]$

[oracle@linuxidc u01]$ cd database/

[oracle@linuxidc database]$

[oracle@linuxidc database]$ ls

doc  install  response  runInstaller  stage  welcome.html

在这里我安装需要的包：

[root@linuxidc ~]# yum install libXp.so.6

运行继续报错

安装运行报错许需要的包：

[root@linuxidc media]# yum install libXtst.so.6

更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-06/145036p2.htm

运行成功，开始安装

选择高级安装即可

指定证书存放的目录。

选择安装的数据库类型及 Oracle 所支持的语言，这里选择企业版，语言选择英文

指定 oracle 环境变量，及安装路径。因为我们在.bash_profile 中已经声明，所以这里会自动填充。

Oracle 开始进行安装前的检查工作。

选择配置选项，在这有三个选择项：创建数据库、配置自动存储管理、只安装数

据软件。我们在此选择第一项，创建数据库。创建数据库后，我们就不必再执行 ”dbca” 进行数据库的创建。

在这里我设置的 sid 不符合，所以使用下面的 SID

选择创建的数据库模式，我们在此选择第一项一般用途。因为 ”Advanced” 后面有很多 SGA 文件系统都可以自行设置。

选择创建的数据库模式，我们在此选择第一项一般用途。因为 ”Advanced” 后面有很多 SGA，文件系统都可以自行设置。

指定 oracle 数据库默认的 SID。指定字符集为库所用的字符集。

显示安装概要，再次确认相关配置是否正确。

安装进度大约到 65% 时会有错误提示：Error in invoking target’collector’ of makefile’/opt/oracle/102/sysman/lib/ins_emdb.mk’.

记录下 Red Hat Linux 6.4 安装 Oracle 10g 及问题解决的过程，希望对大家有所参考。也许在 RHEL6 64 版本上安装 64 位 Oracle 10g 的问题是最多的, 估计很多人都被这个虐过无数次(很多人都是 Oracle 虐我无数遍，我待 Oracle 如初恋)。从网上搜索关于这方面的内容就可见一斑。好，废话少说，正式进入正题。

安装介质 Oracle 可以到 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-07/39248.htm  与 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-04/59065.htm 下载。

1、依赖包的检查

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64

package compat-libstdc++-33 is not installed

package compat-libstdc++-33.i686 is not installed

elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

package elfutils-libelf-devel is not installed

package gcc is not installed

package gcc-c++ is not installed

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

package glibc.i686 is not installed

glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

package glibc-devel is not installed

package glibc-devel.i686 is not installed

package glibc-headers is not installed

package ksh is not installed

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

package libaio.i686 is not installed

package libaio-devel is not installed

package libaio-devel.i686 is not installed

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

package libgcc.i686 is not installed

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

package libstdc++.i686 is not installed

package libstdc++-devel is not installed

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]#

安装依赖包

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]# yum install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat

Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

rhe16                                                                                                                                                                        | 3.9 kB    00:00 …

rhe16/primary_db                                                                                                                                                            | 3.1 MB    00:00 …

Setting up Install Process

Package binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package 1:make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Package sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Resolving Dependencies

–> Running transaction check

—> Package compat-libstdc++-33.i686 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed

—> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed

—> Package elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.152-1.el6 will be installed

.

.

.

  Verifying  : cpp-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                        22/22

Installed:

  compat-libstdc++-33.i686 0:3.2.3-69.el6 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.152-1.el6 gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6              gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6

  glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.107.el6            glibc-devel.i686 0:2.12-1.107.el6        glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6        glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.107.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-19.el6

  libaio.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6            libaio-devel.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6        libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6      libgcc.i686 0:4.4.7-3.el6            libstdc++.i686 0:4.4.7-3.el6

  libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6 

Dependency Installed:

  cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-3.el6 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-358.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.9-11.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6

Complete!

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]#

再次检查通过：

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel make sysstat

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686

elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64

gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.i686

glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64

ksh-20100621-19.el6.x86_64

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.i686

libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64

[root@linuxidc yum.repos.d]#

2、vi /etc/sysctl.conf

#use for oracle

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 262144

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

3、vi /etc/security/limits.conf

#use for oracle

* soft nproc 2047

* hard nproc 16384

* soft nofile 1024

* hard nofile 65536

4、vi /etc/pam.d/login

# use for oracle

session required pam_limits.so

5、vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

SELINUXTYPE=disabled

6、创建用户和组

groupadd oinstall    添加两个组

groupadd dba

useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle  添加用户

id oracle    为 Oracle 用户设置密码

passwd oracle

7、创建安装目录

 mkdir -p /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2

使用如下命令创建 Oracle 的安装目录并更改权限：

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/

chown -R oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chown -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

8、创建 oracle 环境变量

vi .bash_profile

TMP=/tmp; export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_SID=orcl

ORACLE_TERM=xterm

PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64

TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

ORACLE_ADMIN=$ORACLE_BASE/admin

#CLASSPATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH TNS_ADMIN ORACLE_ADMIN

#export CLASSPATH

9、解压安装包，准备安装 oracle 数据库

gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz

若为.cpio.gz

文件，则再次执行：

cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio

[oracle@linuxidc u01]$ ls

10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio  app  database

[oracle@linuxidc u01]$

[oracle@linuxidc u01]$ cd database/

[oracle@linuxidc database]$

[oracle@linuxidc database]$ ls

doc  install  response  runInstaller  stage  welcome.html

在这里我安装需要的包：

[root@linuxidc ~]# yum install libXp.so.6

运行继续报错

安装运行报错许需要的包：

[root@linuxidc media]# yum install libXtst.so.6

更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-06/145036p2.htm

可以忽略此错误继续安装，对系统没什么影响。

ORA-27125:unable to create shared memory segment 

解决：

1. 确定安装

Oracle

所使用的用户组

#id oracle 

可以看到 oracle 组

[root@linuxidc ~]# id oracle

uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba)

[root@linuxidc ~]#

用 root 执行这 2 个脚本

[root@linuxidc ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete

[root@linuxidc ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script…

The following environment variables are set as:

  ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

  ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

  Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin …

  Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin …

  Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin …

Creating /etc/oratab file…

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[root@linuxidc ~]#

检查数据库是否安装完成

[oracle@linuxidc ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production on Thu Apr 13 10:43:35 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 – 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

SQL>

SQL> select version from v$timezone_file;

  VERSION

———-

        2

RedHat Linux Enterprise6.4 + Oracle 10g 安装问题集锦

下面罗列了 Redhat Linux Enterprise6.4 + Oracle 10g 安装碰到的各种问题，基本上可以一站搞定。

绝对一手资料。

一、安装 gcc 包

使用单个包的方式安装功能包，简直是个噩梦，依赖的包太多，仅列举了一部分，建议用 yum 方式安装。

1、顺序安装：

rpm -ivh libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm

rpm -ivh libICE-1.0.6-1.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libuuid-2.17.2-12.9.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686.rpm

rpm -ivh libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm

2、xterm
rpm -ivh libXmu-1.1.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.i686.rpm
#rpm -ivh libXaw-1.0.11-2.el6.i686.rpm
rpm -ivh libXaw-1.0.11-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh xterm-253-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Xmanager 连接不上时，考虑安装 xterm。

3、安装 gcc
rpm -ivh ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
#rpm -ivh libmpcdec-1.2.6-6.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh cpp-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
# 安装 cpp 成功

rpm -ivh kernel-headers-2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64.rpm
# 安装 glibc-headers 成功

rpm -ivh glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

4、gcc-3.2 found not found, 试探
rpm -ivh gc-7.1-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
# 安装 gcc-c++ 成功

rpm -ivh libgcj-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh zlib-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libgcj-devel-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libgcj-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libgcj-src-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh sinjdoc-0.5-9.1.el6.x86_64.rpm java_cup-0.10k-5.el6.x86_64.rpm java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0-29.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
不全，不建议单个包安装，自己找依赖。

二、使用 yum 安装

1、锚定安装 ISO 文件到 /mnt

mount -o loop /opt/linux/RHEL_6.4_x86_64.iso /mnt

2、创建 yum 配置文件

cd /etc/cd yum.repos.d
vi cdrom.repo
输入内容：
[cdrom]
name=cdrom
baseurl=file:///mnt/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

3、安装 gcc

yum install gcc

4、安装 gcc-java

yum install gcc-java

5、查看可安装组

yum grouplist

查看网络配置：cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
主机名设置：vi /etc/sysconfig/network

三、Error in invoking target ‘install’ of makefile …lib/ins_ctx.mk

# 解决：安装 32 为 glibc-devel 包
#yum install glibc-devel.i686
解决：
yum install glibc* gcc* make* compat-db* libsdc* libXp* libXtst* compat-libstdc++* -y

四、Error in invoking target ‘collector’ of makefile …ins_emdb.mk

解决：先查找 relink 命令，然后执行：

/home/oracle/product/bin/relink all

五、ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified

解决：设置 ORACLE_SID
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

六、SQLPLUS 能连接，远程客户端连接不上

解决：关闭 Linux 防火墙
chkconfig iptables off
service iptables stop
或者开放端口 1521
1、vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables，添加：
-A INPUT -p tcp –dport 1521 -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
2、重启防火墙
service iptables restart
iptables -F

七、图形乱码

解决：先设置 LC_CTYPE
locale
export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8

在 VMware 下搭建 RedHat Linux 6.4 + Oracle 10g，折腾的我死去活来啊，各种问题扑面而来 …

1、遇到最多的问题就是包的缺失，简单的安装包的方法是把 linux 系统镜像挂载到 Linux 虚拟机中，然后桌面上会出现一个光盘文件，打开里面的 Packages，里面包含了所有需要的包，根据需要点击安装就行了，如果需要安装依赖的包，它自己会寻找。

检查所需安装的包：

[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep make
automake-1.11.1-4.el6.noarch
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa|grep glibc
glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686
glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
compat-glibc-headers-2.5-46.2.x86_64
glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
compat-glibc-2.5-46.2.x86_64
glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
glibc-utils-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.i686
glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep libaio
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep gcc
gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
gcc-gnat-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
gcc-gfortran-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
gcc-Java-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
gcc-objc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
gcc-objc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep compat-libstdc
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-144.el6.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep compat-gcc
compat-gcc-34-g77-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-19.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep libXp
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.i686
libXpm-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64
libXpm-devel-3.5.10-2.el6.x86_64
libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
libXp-devel-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64
libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.x86_64
libXpm-devel-3.5.10-2.el6.i686
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep openmotif
openmotif22-2.2.3-19.el6.x86_64
openmotif-2.3.3-5.el6_3.i686
openmotif-devel-2.3.3-5.el6_3.i686
openmotif-2.3.3-5.el6_3.x86_64
openmotif-devel-2.3.3-5.el6_3.x86_64
openmotif22-2.2.3-19.el6.i686
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa |grep compat-db
compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.x86_64
compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.i686
compat-db42-4.2.52-15.el6.x86_64
compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.x86_64
compat-db43-4.3.29-15.el6.i686
compat-db-4.6.21-15.el6.i686

上面的包可能不是都需要，但是多装无害 …，然后运行 oracle 安装文件，可能会报缺包错误，根据名字再安装就行了。

2、创建数据库实例时，执行 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca 报错：

检查 glibc 的包是否全部安装，然后执行$ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all（这个问题折腾了我一晚上 …）。

更多 Oracle 相关信息见Oracle 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=12

本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-06/145036.htm