Hadoop安装遇到的各种异常及解决办法

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异常一:

2014-03-13 11:10:23,665 INFO org.apache.Hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 0 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)

2014-03-13 11:10:24,667 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 1 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:25,667 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 2 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:26,669 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 3 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:27,670 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 4 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:28,671 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 5 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:29,672 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 6 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:30,674 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 7 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:31,675 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 8 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:32,676 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 9 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:32,677 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Problem connecting to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000
解决办法:
1、ping Linux-hadoop-38 能通,telnet Linux-hadoop-38 9000 不能通，说明开启了防火墙
2、去 Linux-hadoop-38 主机关闭防火墙 /etc/init.d/iptables stop，显示:
iptables：清除防火墙规则：[确定]
iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定]
iptables：正在卸载模块：[确定]

3、重启

异常二：

2014-03-13 11:26:30,788 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Initialization failed for block pool Block pool BP-1257313099-10.10.208.38-1394679083528 (storage id DS-743638901-127.0.0.1-50010-1394616048958) service to Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000
java.io.IOException: Incompatible clusterIDs in /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data: namenode clusterID = CID-8e201022-6faa-440a-b61c-290e4ccfb006; datanode clusterID = clustername
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.doTransition(DataStorage.java:391)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.recoverTransitionRead(DataStorage.java:191)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.recoverTransitionRead(DataStorage.java:219)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode.initStorage(DataNode.java:916)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode.initBlockPool(DataNode.java:887)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPOfferService.verifyAndSetNamespaceInfo(BPOfferService.java:309)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPServiceActor.connectToNNAndHandshake(BPServiceActor.java:218)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPServiceActor.run(BPServiceActor.java:660)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
解决办法:
1、在 hdfs-site.xml 配置文件中，配置了 dfs.namenode.name.dir，在 master 中, 该配置的目录下有个 current 文件夹，里面有个 VERSION 文件, 内容如下:
#Thu Mar 13 10:51:23 CST 2014
namespaceID=1615021223
clusterID=CID-8e201022-6faa-440a-b61c-290e4ccfb006
cTime=0
storageType=NAME_NODE
blockpoolID=BP-1257313099-10.10.208.38-1394679083528
layoutVersion=-40
2、在 core-site.xml 配置文件中，配置了 hadoop.tmp.dir，在 slave 中, 该配置的目录下有个 dfs/data/current 目录，里面也有一个 VERSION 文件，内容
#Wed Mar 12 17:23:04 CST 2014
storageID=DS-414973036-10.10.208.54-50010-1394616184818
clusterID=clustername
cTime=0
storageType=DATA_NODE
layoutVersion=-40
3、一目了然，两个内容不一样，导致的。删除 slave 中的错误内容，重启，搞定！

参考资料: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98598.htm

异常三：

2014-03-13 12:34:46,828 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.AuxServices: Failed to initialize mapreduce_shuffle
java.lang.RuntimeException: No class defiend for mapreduce_shuffle
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.AuxServices.init(AuxServices.java:94)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.ContainerManagerImpl.init(ContainerManagerImpl.java:181)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.init(NodeManager.java:185)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.initAndStartNodeManager(NodeManager.java:328)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.main(NodeManager.java:351)
2014-03-13 12:34:46,830 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager: Error starting NodeManager
java.lang.RuntimeException: No class defiend for mapreduce_shuffle
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.AuxServices.init(AuxServices.java:94)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.ContainerManagerImpl.init(ContainerManagerImpl.java:181)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.init(NodeManager.java:185)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.initAndStartNodeManager(NodeManager.java:328)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.main(NodeManager.java:351)
2014-03-13 12:34:46,846 INFO org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.monitor.ContainersMonitorImpl: ResourceCalculatorPlugin is unavailable on this system. org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.monitor.ContainersMonitorImpl is disabled.
解决办法:
1、yarn-site.xml 配置错误:
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
2、修改为:
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce.shuffle</value>
</property>
3、重启服务

警告:
WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform… using builtin-java classes where applicable

解决办法:

参考 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98599.htm

异常四：

14/03/13 17:25:41 ERROR lzo.GPLNativeCodeLoader: Could not load native gpl library
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no gplcompression in java.library.path
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1734)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:823)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1028)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.GPLNativeCodeLoader.<clinit>(GPLNativeCodeLoader.java:32)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec.<clinit>(LzoCodec.java:67)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.<init>(LzoIndexer.java:36)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.main(LzoIndexer.java:134)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)
14/03/13 17:25:41 ERROR lzo.LzoCodec: Cannot load native-lzo without native-hadoop
14/03/13 17:25:43 INFO lzo.LzoIndexer: [INDEX] LZO Indexing file /test2.lzo, size 0.00 GB…
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.RuntimeException: native-lzo library not available
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzopCodec.createDecompressor(LzopCodec.java:91)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndex.createIndex(LzoIndex.java:222)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.indexSingleFile(LzoIndexer.java:117)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.indexInternal(LzoIndexer.java:98)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.index(LzoIndexer.java:52)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.main(LzoIndexer.java:137)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)

解决办法: 很明显，没有 native-lzo
编译安装 / 编译 lzo，http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98601.htm

异常五:

14/03/17 10:23:59 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Cleaning up the staging area /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/hadoop/.staging/job_1394702706596_0003
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Compression codec com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec not found.
at org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory.getCodecClasses(CompressionCodecFactory.java:134)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory.<init>(CompressionCodecFactory.java:174)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat.isSplitable(TextInputFormat.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat.getSplits(FileInputFormat.java:276)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.writeNewSplits(JobSubmitter.java:468)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.writeSplits(JobSubmitter.java:485)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:369)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$11.run(Job.java:1269)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$11.run(Job.java:1266)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1408)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.submit(Job.java:1266)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.waitForCompletion(Job.java:1287)
at org.apache.hadoop.examples.WordCount.main(WordCount.java:84)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver$ProgramDescription.invoke(ProgramDriver.java:72)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver.driver(ProgramDriver.java:144)
at org.apache.hadoop.examples.ExampleDriver.main(ExampleDriver.java:68)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec not found
at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:1680)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory.getCodecClasses(CompressionCodecFactory.java:127)
… 26 more
临时解决办法：
将 /usr/local/hadoop/lib/hadoop-lzo-0.4.10.jar 拷贝到 /usr/local/jdk/lib 下，重启 linux

相关阅读 ：

Ubuntu 13.04 上搭建 Hadoop 环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86106.htm

Ubuntu 12.10 +Hadoop 1.2.1 版本集群配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-09/90600.htm

Ubuntu 上搭建 Hadoop 环境（单机模式 + 伪分布模式）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/77681.htm

Ubuntu 下 Hadoop 环境的配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/74539.htm

单机版搭建 Hadoop 环境图文教程详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-02/53927.htm

搭建 Hadoop 环境（在 Winodws 环境下用虚拟机虚拟两个 Ubuntu 系统进行搭建）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-12/48894.htm

更多 Hadoop 相关信息见 Hadoop 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=13

异常六:

14/03/17 10:35:03 ERROR security.UserGroupInformation: PriviledgedActionException as:Hadoop (auth:SIMPLE) cause:org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SafeModeException): Cannot delete /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/hadoop/.staging/job_1395023531587_0001. Name node is in safe mode.
The reported blocks 0 needs additional 12 blocks to reach the threshold 0.9990 of total blocks 12. Safe mode will be turned off automatically.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.deleteInternal(FSNamesystem.java:2905)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.deleteInt(FSNamesystem.java:2872)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.delete(FSNamesystem.java:2859)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.delete(NameNodeRpcServer.java:642)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.delete(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:408)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java:44968)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:453)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1002)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1752)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1748)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1408)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1746)
org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.SafeModeException): Cannot delete /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/hadoop/.staging/job_1395023531587_0001. Name node is in safe mode.
The reported blocks 0 needs additional 12 blocks to reach the threshold 0.9990 of total blocks 12. Safe mode will be turned off automatically.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.deleteInternal(FSNamesystem.java:2905)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.deleteInt(FSNamesystem.java:2872)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.delete(FSNamesystem.java:2859)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.delete(NameNodeRpcServer.java:642)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.delete(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:408)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java:44968)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:453)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1002)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1752)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1748)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1408)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1746)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1238)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:202)
at $Proxy9.delete(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:164)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:83)
at $Proxy9.delete(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.delete(ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java:408)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.delete(DFSClient.java:1487)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.delete(DistributedFileSystem.java:355)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:418)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$11.run(Job.java:1269)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$11.run(Job.java:1266)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1408)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.submit(Job.java:1266)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.waitForCompletion(Job.java:1287)
at org.apache.hadoop.examples.WordCount.main(WordCount.java:84)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver$ProgramDescription.invoke(ProgramDriver.java:72)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver.driver(ProgramDriver.java:144)
at org.apache.hadoop.examples.ExampleDriver.main(ExampleDriver.java:68)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)
解决办法：
明显是安全模式：
原因是 reboot 机器的时候，防火墙起来了，导致 NodeManager 启动不起来，导致一直是安全模式。关闭防火墙重启 hadoop，ok！

异常七：

2014-03-20 10:35:10,447 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times
2014-03-20 10:35:10,450 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033
2014-03-20 10:35:10,450 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0
2014-03-20 10:35:10,450 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension = 30000
2014-03-20 10:35:10,476 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage: Lock on /usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name/in_use.lock acquired by nodename 9580@Linux-hadoop-38
2014-03-20 10:35:10,479 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: Stopping NameNode metrics system…
2014-03-20 10:35:10,480 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: NameNode metrics system stopped.
2014-03-20 10:35:10,480 INFO org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.impl.MetricsSystemImpl: NameNode metrics system shutdown complete.
2014-03-20 10:35:10,480 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: Exception in namenode join
java.io.IOException: NameNode is not formatted.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:217)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFSImage(FSNamesystem.java:728)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFromDisk(FSNamesystem.java:521)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.loadNamesystem(NameNode.java:403)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.initialize(NameNode.java:437)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.<init>(NameNode.java:613)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.<init>(NameNode.java:598)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.createNameNode(NameNode.java:1169)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.main(NameNode.java:1233)
2014-03-20 10:35:10,484 INFO org.apache.hadoop.util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 1
2014-03-20 10:35:10,501 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
解决办法:
hadoop namenode -format, 不是 hdfs namenode -format

启动 JobHistoryServer
sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

异常一:

2014-03-13 11:10:23,665 INFO org.apache.Hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 0 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)

2014-03-13 11:10:24,667 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 1 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:25,667 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 2 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:26,669 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 3 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:27,670 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 4 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:28,671 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 5 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:29,672 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 6 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:30,674 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 7 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:31,675 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 8 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:32,676 INFO org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000. Already tried 9 time(s); retry policy is RetryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(maxRetries=10, sleepTime=1 SECONDS)
2014-03-13 11:10:32,677 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Problem connecting to server: Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000
解决办法:
1、ping Linux-hadoop-38 能通,telnet Linux-hadoop-38 9000 不能通，说明开启了防火墙
2、去 Linux-hadoop-38 主机关闭防火墙 /etc/init.d/iptables stop，显示:
iptables：清除防火墙规则：[确定]
iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定]
iptables：正在卸载模块：[确定]

3、重启

异常二：

2014-03-13 11:26:30,788 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Initialization failed for block pool Block pool BP-1257313099-10.10.208.38-1394679083528 (storage id DS-743638901-127.0.0.1-50010-1394616048958) service to Linux-hadoop-38/10.10.208.38:9000
java.io.IOException: Incompatible clusterIDs in /usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data: namenode clusterID = CID-8e201022-6faa-440a-b61c-290e4ccfb006; datanode clusterID = clustername
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.doTransition(DataStorage.java:391)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.recoverTransitionRead(DataStorage.java:191)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.recoverTransitionRead(DataStorage.java:219)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode.initStorage(DataNode.java:916)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode.initBlockPool(DataNode.java:887)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPOfferService.verifyAndSetNamespaceInfo(BPOfferService.java:309)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPServiceActor.connectToNNAndHandshake(BPServiceActor.java:218)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPServiceActor.run(BPServiceActor.java:660)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
解决办法:
1、在 hdfs-site.xml 配置文件中，配置了 dfs.namenode.name.dir，在 master 中, 该配置的目录下有个 current 文件夹，里面有个 VERSION 文件, 内容如下:
#Thu Mar 13 10:51:23 CST 2014
namespaceID=1615021223
clusterID=CID-8e201022-6faa-440a-b61c-290e4ccfb006
cTime=0
storageType=NAME_NODE
blockpoolID=BP-1257313099-10.10.208.38-1394679083528
layoutVersion=-40
2、在 core-site.xml 配置文件中，配置了 hadoop.tmp.dir，在 slave 中, 该配置的目录下有个 dfs/data/current 目录，里面也有一个 VERSION 文件，内容
#Wed Mar 12 17:23:04 CST 2014
storageID=DS-414973036-10.10.208.54-50010-1394616184818
clusterID=clustername
cTime=0
storageType=DATA_NODE
layoutVersion=-40
3、一目了然，两个内容不一样，导致的。删除 slave 中的错误内容，重启，搞定！

参考资料: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98598.htm

异常三：

2014-03-13 12:34:46,828 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.AuxServices: Failed to initialize mapreduce_shuffle
java.lang.RuntimeException: No class defiend for mapreduce_shuffle
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.AuxServices.init(AuxServices.java:94)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.ContainerManagerImpl.init(ContainerManagerImpl.java:181)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.init(NodeManager.java:185)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.initAndStartNodeManager(NodeManager.java:328)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.main(NodeManager.java:351)
2014-03-13 12:34:46,830 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager: Error starting NodeManager
java.lang.RuntimeException: No class defiend for mapreduce_shuffle
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.AuxServices.init(AuxServices.java:94)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.ContainerManagerImpl.init(ContainerManagerImpl.java:181)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.service.CompositeService.init(CompositeService.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.init(NodeManager.java:185)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.initAndStartNodeManager(NodeManager.java:328)
at org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.NodeManager.main(NodeManager.java:351)
2014-03-13 12:34:46,846 INFO org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.monitor.ContainersMonitorImpl: ResourceCalculatorPlugin is unavailable on this system. org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.nodemanager.containermanager.monitor.ContainersMonitorImpl is disabled.
解决办法:
1、yarn-site.xml 配置错误:
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
2、修改为:
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce.shuffle</value>
</property>
3、重启服务

警告:
WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform… using builtin-java classes where applicable

解决办法:

参考 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98599.htm

异常四：

14/03/13 17:25:41 ERROR lzo.GPLNativeCodeLoader: Could not load native gpl library
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no gplcompression in java.library.path
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1734)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:823)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1028)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.GPLNativeCodeLoader.<clinit>(GPLNativeCodeLoader.java:32)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec.<clinit>(LzoCodec.java:67)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.<init>(LzoIndexer.java:36)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.main(LzoIndexer.java:134)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)
14/03/13 17:25:41 ERROR lzo.LzoCodec: Cannot load native-lzo without native-hadoop
14/03/13 17:25:43 INFO lzo.LzoIndexer: [INDEX] LZO Indexing file /test2.lzo, size 0.00 GB…
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.RuntimeException: native-lzo library not available
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzopCodec.createDecompressor(LzopCodec.java:91)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndex.createIndex(LzoIndex.java:222)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.indexSingleFile(LzoIndexer.java:117)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.indexInternal(LzoIndexer.java:98)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.index(LzoIndexer.java:52)
at com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoIndexer.main(LzoIndexer.java:137)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)

解决办法: 很明显，没有 native-lzo
编译安装 / 编译 lzo，http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/98601.htm

异常五:

14/03/17 10:23:59 INFO mapreduce.JobSubmitter: Cleaning up the staging area /tmp/hadoop-yarn/staging/hadoop/.staging/job_1394702706596_0003
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Compression codec com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec not found.
at org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory.getCodecClasses(CompressionCodecFactory.java:134)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory.<init>(CompressionCodecFactory.java:174)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat.isSplitable(TextInputFormat.java:58)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat.getSplits(FileInputFormat.java:276)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.writeNewSplits(JobSubmitter.java:468)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.writeSplits(JobSubmitter.java:485)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobSubmitter.submitJobInternal(JobSubmitter.java:369)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$11.run(Job.java:1269)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job$11.run(Job.java:1266)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1408)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.submit(Job.java:1266)
at org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job.waitForCompletion(Job.java:1287)
at org.apache.hadoop.examples.WordCount.main(WordCount.java:84)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver$ProgramDescription.invoke(ProgramDriver.java:72)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ProgramDriver.driver(ProgramDriver.java:144)
at org.apache.hadoop.examples.ExampleDriver.main(ExampleDriver.java:68)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:208)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Class com.hadoop.compression.lzo.LzoCodec not found
at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:1680)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory.getCodecClasses(CompressionCodecFactory.java:127)
… 26 more
临时解决办法：
将 /usr/local/hadoop/lib/hadoop-lzo-0.4.10.jar 拷贝到 /usr/local/jdk/lib 下，重启 linux