linux网站中虚拟主机的实现

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一台 Linux 中网站虚拟主机的完成主要有三种方式：a、根据 ip 地址；b、根据端口号；c、根据域名。一下为完成进程：（本试验的 Linux 虚机系统为 rhel5.6）

1、基于域名的实现：

这种方式需要搭建 dns 域名服务器。

# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.22.133

NETWORK=192.168.22.0

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

BROADCAST=192.168.22.255

HWADDR=00:0C:29:89:05:2E

ONBOOT=yes

# cat /etc/sysconfig/network

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=no

HOSTNAME=httpd.com

# cat /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 192.168.22.133

search httpd.com

#yum install httpd -y

# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

NameVirtualHost 192.168.22.133:80  #将这一行注释符取消掉，* 号改成 ip 地址

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.133:80>                     #复制粘贴即可得到以下几行（nyy p)

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/bbs

ServerName bbs.httpd.com

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.133:80>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/news

ServerName news.httpd.com

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

#mkdir -p /www/{news,bbs}

#vim /www/news/index.html

news page here

#vim /www/bbs/index.html

hello ,this is bbs

#service network restart

#service httpd start

#yum install bind bind-chroot bind-utils caching-nameserver -y

#cd /var/named/chroot/etc

#cp -a named.caching-nameserver.conf  named.conf

#vim named.conf

options {

listen-on port 53 {any;};

directory       “/var/named”;

dump-file       “/var/named/data/cache_dump.db”;

statistics-file “/var/named/data/named_stats.txt”;

allow-query     {any;};

allow-query-cache {any;};

};

zone “httpd.com” {

type master;

file “httpd.com.zone”;

};

zone “22.168.192.in-addr.arpa” {

type master;

file “22.168.192.zone”;

};

#cd ../var/named

#touch httpd.com.zone

#touch 22.168.192.zone

#cat localhost.zone > httpd.com.zone

#cat named.local > 22.168.192.zone

#vim httpd.com.zone

$TTL    86400

@               IN SOA  @       root (

42              ; serial (d. adams)

3H              ; refresh

15M             ; retry

1W              ; expiry

1D )            ; minimum

IN NS           @

IN A            192.168.22.133

bbs             IN A            192.168.22.133

news            IN A            192.168.22.133

#vim 22.168.192.zone

$TTL    86400

@       IN      SOA     localhost. root.localhost.  (

1997022700 ; Serial

28800      ; Refresh

14400      ; Retry

3600000    ; Expire

86400 )    ; Minimum

IN      NS      httpd.com.

133       IN      PTR     bbs.http.com.

133       IN      PTR     news.http.com.

#service named start

# host bbs.httpd.com

bbs.httpd.com has address 192.168.22.133

# host news.httpd.com

news.httpd.com has address 192.168.22.133

# host 192.168.22.133

133.22.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer news.http.com.

133.22.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer bbs.http.com.

在 Linux 自带的火狐浏览器测试，如下图：

在另外一台虚拟的 xp 系统上面测试：（此时的 Linux 和 xp 虚机均为桥接方式），如下图

ok，到此为止，Linux 下 http 域名虚拟主机的配置完美结束。

2、基于 ip 地址的实现

#cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:1

#cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:2

# cat ifcfg-eth0:1

DEVICE=eth0:1

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.22.134

NETWORK=192.168.22.0

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

BROADCAST=192.168.22.255

HWADDR=00:0C:29:89:05:2E

ONBOOT=yes

# cat ifcfg-eth0:2

DEVICE=eth0:2

BOOTPROTO=static

IPADDR=192.168.22.135

NETWORK=192.168.22.0

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

BROADCAST=192.168.22.255

HWADDR=00:0C:29:89:05:2E

ONBOOT=yes

#service network restart

#vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.133:80>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/133

ServerName 192.168.22.133

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.134:80>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/134

ServerName 192.168.22.134

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.135:80>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/135

ServerName 192.168.22.135

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>                         #要把 NameVirtualHost 关掉

#mkdir -p /www/{133,134,135}

# cat /www/133/index.html

hello ,this is 133 page.

# cat /www/134/index.html

hi ,this is 134 index

# cat /www/135/index.html

hey,this is 135 index page

#service httpd restart

到此，打开 Linux 自带的火狐浏览器浏览，如下图所示：

基于 ip 地址的虚拟主机搭建成功。

3、基于端口的实现：

首先要手工配置一个 ip 地址，本实验使用的地址为 192.168.22.133，改地址怎样配置见方式 1 详解。

#vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

Listen 80

Listen 8080

Listen 8081        #在 Listen 下面添加下面两行

。。。。

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.133:80>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/80

ServerName 192.168.22.133

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.133:8080>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/8080

ServerName 192.168.22.133

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 192.168.22.133:8081>

ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com

DocumentRoot /www/8081

ServerName 192.168.22.133

ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

</VirtualHost>

#mkdir -p /www/{80,8080,8081}

# cat /www/80/index.html

this is port 80 page

# cat /www/8080/index.html

this is port 8080 test page

# cat /www/8081/index.html

hello, this is port 8081 page

#service httpd restart

到此用 Linux 自带的火狐浏览器测试一下，如下图所示：

到此，根据端口方法的方式装备成功。
到此为止，Linux 网站虚拟主机的三种装备方法装备结束。

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