在Arch Linux中安装MySQL

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最近在用 ArchLinux 在虚拟机里学习 Linux。现在想在 ArchLinux 中安装 WordPress，首先就需要安装 MySQL 数据库。但是在 MySql 被 Oracle 收购之后，很多开源支持者就转而使用 MariaDb 了。不过 MariaDb 也和 MySql 兼容的，所以基本不用有什么担心。由于 ArchLinux 只带了 MariaDb，所以我们就用 MariaDb 来代替 MySql。

安装 MariaDb 和其客户端工具，

sudo pacman -S mariadb mariadb-clients

安装完成之后，会出现如何开启 MariaDb 的提示：

:: You need to initialize the MariaDB data directory prior to starting
the service. This can be done with mysql_install_db command, e.g.:
mysql_install_db –user=mysql –basedir=/usr –datadir=/var/lib/mysql

根据提示，我们运行如下命令就可以初始化 MariaDb 的数据目录了。

sudo mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql

在经过一长串提示信息之后，就会出现相应的如何开启 MariaDb 的帮助信息：

 To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'/usr/bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h mypc password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
'/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation'

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.

You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '/usr' ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/var/lib/mysql'

You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd '/usr/mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira

The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Support MariaDB development by buying support/new features from MariaDB
Corporation Ab. You can contact us about this at sales@mariadb.com.
Alternatively consider joining our community based development effort:
http://mariadb.com/kb/en/contributing-to-the-mariadb-project/

同样根据提示，我们首先需要先启动 MariaDb，

sudo systemctl start mysqld

然后为 root 用户设置一个新密码，

mysqladmin -u root password '12345678' 

然后尝试登录 MariaDb，如果登录成功，说明配置完成了，

mysql -uroot -p 12345678

如果想要 MariaDb 开机自动启动，那么就运行以下命令，

sudo systemctl enable mysqld

本文永久更新链接地址 ：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-11/137484.htm