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上一篇描述了如何在 Ubuntu 64 位环境下编译 Hadoop2.2，http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-01/95569.htm 这里描述一下如何进行单机伪分布部署。
部署上，很简单，就是分成两部分：修改配置文件盒启动脚本。
一：修改配置文件：
hadoop2.2 的配置文件在 /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop 文件夹下，具体配置文件修改如下：
1、修改 /etc/hosts 文件（sudo gedit /etc/hosts）
192.168.222.154 hd2-single
2、修改 core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/sujx/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://hd2-single:9000</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
</configuration>
fs.defaultFS：HDFS 文件系统的 URL
3. 修改 hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>
4. 修改 mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.system.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/mapred/system</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.local.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/mapred/local</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
</configuration>
相关阅读 ：
Ubuntu 13.04 上搭建 Hadoop 环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86106.htm
Ubuntu 12.10 +Hadoop 1.2.1 版本集群配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-09/90600.htm
Ubuntu 上搭建 Hadoop 环境（单机模式 + 伪分布模式）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/77681.htm
Ubuntu 下 Hadoop 环境的配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/74539.htm
单机版搭建 Hadoop 环境图文教程详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-02/53927.htm
搭建 Hadoop 环境（在 Winodws 环境下用虚拟机虚拟两个 Ubuntu 系统进行搭建）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-12/48894.htm
更多 Hadoop 相关信息见 Hadoop 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=13
5. 修改 yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
<description>shuffle service that needsto be set for Map Reduce to run </description>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>hd2-single</value>
<description>hostanem of RM</description>
</property>
</configuration>
6. 修改 slave
hd2-single
至此，配置文件修改完毕，比较多，挺麻烦的。
二：启动 Hadoop 脚本。
启动 hadoop 脚本，需呀用到一些环境变量，所以需要先修改 Ubuntu 的 profile 文件。
使用命令：sudo /etc/profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop-2.2.0
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export YARN_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
在初次运行 Hadoop 的时候需要初始化 Hadoop 文件系统，命令如下：
hdfs namenode -format
1. 启动脚本一：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh start secondarynamenode
starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
9310 SecondaryNameNode
9345 Jps
9140 NameNode
9221 DataNode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager
starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
9310 SecondaryNameNode
9651 NodeManager
9413 ResourceManager
9140 NameNode
9709 Jps
9221 DataNode
sujx@ubuntu:~$
2. 启动脚本二：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [hd2-single]
hd2-single: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-yarn.sh
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
11414 SecondaryNameNode
10923 NameNode
11141 DataNode
12038 Jps
11586 ResourceManager
11811 NodeManager
sujx@ubuntu:~$
3. 启动脚本三：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ start-all.sh
This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.sh and start-yarn.sh
Starting namenodes on [hd2-single]
hd2-single: starting namenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-namenode-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting datanode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-datanode-ubuntu.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/hadoop-sujx-secondarynamenode-ubuntu.out
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-resourcemanager-ubuntu.out
hd2-single: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/logs/yarn-sujx-nodemanager-ubuntu.out
sujx@ubuntu:~$ jps
14156 NodeManager
14445 Jps
13267 NameNode
13759 SecondaryNameNode
13485 DataNode
13927 ResourceManager
sujx@ubuntu:~$
其实这三种方式最终效果都是相同，他们内部也都是相互调用关系。对应的结束脚本也简单：
1. 结束脚本一：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop nodemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop resourcemanager
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop secondarynamenode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop datanode
sujx@ubuntu:~$ hadoop-daemon.sh stop namenode
2. 结束脚本二：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-yarn.sh
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-dfs.sh
3. 结束脚本三：
sujx@ubuntu:~$ stop-all.sh
至此，单机伪分布就已经部署完毕。
上一篇描述了如何在 Ubuntu 64 位环境下编译 Hadoop2.2，http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-01/95569.htm 这里描述一下如何进行单机伪分布部署。
部署上，很简单，就是分成两部分：修改配置文件盒启动脚本。
一：修改配置文件：
hadoop2.2 的配置文件在 /opt/hadoop-2.2.0/etc/hadoop 文件夹下，具体配置文件修改如下：
1、修改 /etc/hosts 文件（sudo gedit /etc/hosts）
192.168.222.154 hd2-single
2、修改 core-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/sujx/hadoop/tmp</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://hd2-single:9000</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
</configuration>
fs.defaultFS：HDFS 文件系统的 URL
3. 修改 hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
</configuration>
4. 修改 mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.system.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/mapred/system</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.local.dir</name>
<value>file:/home/sujx/hadoop/mapred/local</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>
</configuration>
相关阅读 ：
Ubuntu 13.04 上搭建 Hadoop 环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86106.htm
Ubuntu 12.10 +Hadoop 1.2.1 版本集群配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-09/90600.htm
Ubuntu 上搭建 Hadoop 环境（单机模式 + 伪分布模式）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/77681.htm
Ubuntu 下 Hadoop 环境的配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/74539.htm
单机版搭建 Hadoop 环境图文教程详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-02/53927.htm
搭建 Hadoop 环境（在 Winodws 环境下用虚拟机虚拟两个 Ubuntu 系统进行搭建）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-12/48894.htm
更多 Hadoop 相关信息见 Hadoop 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=13
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