搭建Eclipse+Maven+Scala-IDE的Scala Web开发环境

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江湖传闻，scala 开发的最佳利器乃 JetBrains 的神作 IntelliJ IDEA，外加构建工具 sbt 是也。

但因历史原因，项目组成员对 Eclipse + Maven 组合更为熟悉，为了快速实现项目原型，不增加不确定因素带来的风险，搭建一套 Eclipse + Maven + Scala-IDE 的开发环境。

基本原则是，必须完全满足但不限于以下几点内容：

方便重构，方便调试，支持热部署。

可直接使用已有 maven 的本地和私服仓库。

可以无束缚的只用自己熟悉的语言编写代码。

可以快速混合编译 scala+Java 代码，包括交叉引用的文件。

如果你有洁癖，可以自己下载 Eclipse，然后安装各种插件。但是可能会遇到插件依赖包版本冲突之类的问题，为了速度，我直接下载官方打包好的 Scala-IDE，有各种平台可供选择。

使用 Git 管理项目源代码，需要安装 EGit 插件，Eclipse 插件更新地址 EGit Updates。

假设项目名称为 feeling，使用 JDK 1.7，Servlet 3.0，最终目录结构如下。

pom.xml 文件

<project xmlns=”http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0″ xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd”>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>feeling</groupId>
<artifactId>feeling</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>

<!– <name>${project.artifactId}</name> –>
<name>feeling</name>
<description>our wonderfully feeling application</description>
<url>http://feeling.com</url>
<inceptionYear>2014</inceptionYear>

<organization>
<name>feeling</name>
<url>http://feeling.com</url>
</organization>

<licenses>
<license>
<name>The Apache Software License, Version 2.0</name>
<url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
<distribution>repo</distribution>
</license>
</licenses>

<developers>
<developer>
<id>bruce</id>
<name>bruce sha</name>
<url>http://bruce-sha.github.io</url>
<email>bu.ru@qq.com</email>
</developer>
</developers>

<scm>
<connection>http://17.20.13.23/scm/git/feeling</connection>
<developerConnection>http://17.20.13.23/scm/git/feeling</developerConnection>
<url>http://17.20.13.23</url>
</scm>

<!– 个性化开发 –>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<build.param>this is dev</build.param>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>release</id>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
</activation>
<properties>
<build.param>this is relase</build.param>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>

<!– google –>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>15.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.inject</groupId>
<artifactId>guice</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
</dependency>

<!– servlet –>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<!– <version>2.5</version> –>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<!– <dependency> –>
<!– <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> –>
<!– <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> –>
<!– <version>2.0</version> –>
<!– <scope>provided</scope> –>
<!– </dependency> –>

<!– scala –>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.scala-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>scala-library</artifactId>
<version>${scala.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!– test –>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<!– 其他包不再一一描述 –>
<!– log –>
<!– json –>
<!– mongodb –>
<!– quartz –>

</dependencies>

<build>
<finalName>feeling</finalName>

<!– 必须要，资源文件中占位符被 profile 替换的关键配置 –>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>*.*</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>

<!– 必须干掉，否则不编译 src/main/java 下的代码 –>
<!– <sourceDirectory>src/main/scala</sourceDirectory> –>
<!– <testSourceDirectory>src/test/scala</testSourceDirectory> –>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<!– see http://davidb.github.com/scala-maven-plugin –>
<groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>scala-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.6</version>
<!– 必须要，否则不能混合编译交叉引用文件 –>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>scala-compile-first</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>add-source</goal>
<goal>compile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>scala-test-compile</id>
<phase>process-test-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>testCompile</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.13</version>
<configuration>
<useFile>false</useFile>
<disableXmlReport>true</disableXmlReport>
<!– If you have classpath issue like NoDefClassError,… –>
<!– useManifestOnlyJar>false</useManifestOnlyJar –>
<includes>
<include>**/*Test.*</include>
<include>**/*Suite.*</include>
</includes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<!– 移除 web.xml 的依赖，Servlet 3.0 可以不要 web.xml 文件 –>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>

<!– jetty6，不支持 servlet3 –>
<!– <plugin> –>
<!– <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> –>
<!– <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId> –>
<!– <version>6.1.26</version> –>
<!– <configuration> –>
<!– <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds> –>
<!– <stopKey>foo</stopKey> –>
<!– <stopPort>9999</stopPort> –>
<!– </configuration> –>
<!– <executions> –>
<!– <execution> –>
<!– <id>start-jetty</id> –>
<!– <phase>pre-integration-test</phase> –>
<!– <goals> –>
<!– <goal>run</goal> –>
<!– </goals> –>
<!– <configuration> –>
<!– <scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds> –>
<!– <daemon>true</daemon> –>
<!– </configuration> –>
<!– </execution> –>
<!– <execution> –>
<!– <id>stop-jetty</id> –>
<!– <phase>post-integration-test</phase> –>
<!– <goals> –>
<!– <goal>stop</goal> –>
<!– </goals> –>
<!– </execution> –>
<!– </executions> –>
<!– </plugin> –>

<!– tomcat7:run 注意 tomcat:run 跑的是 6，不支持 servlet3 –>
<plugin>
<!– http://tomcat.apache.org/maven-plugin-2.0/tomcat7-maven-plugin –>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<path>/</path>
<port>80</port>
</configuration>
</plugin>

<!– jetty:run –>
<plugin>
<!– http://wiki.eclipse.org/Jetty/Feature/Jetty_Maven_Plugin –>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<!– <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId> 这是 jetty6 不支持 servlet3 –>
<artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>8.1.13.v20130916</version>
<configuration>
<stopPort>9966</stopPort>
<stopKey>foo</stopKey>
<scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
<connectors>
<connector implementation=”org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector”>
<port>80</port>
<maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
</connector>
</connectors>
<webAppConfig>
<contextPath>/</contextPath>
</webAppConfig>
</configuration>
</plugin>

</plugins>
</build>
</project>

web.xml

<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”UTF-8″?>
<!– <web-app –>
<!– xmlns=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee” –>
<!– xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance” –>
<!– xsi:schemaLocation=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd” –>
<!– version=”2.5″ –>
<!– > –>
<web-app xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd”
id=”WebApp_ID” version=”3.0″>

<display-name>feeling</display-name>

<!– <servlet> –>
<!– <servlet-name>feeling</servlet-name> –>
<!– <servlet-class>feelings.service.FeelingService</servlet-class> –>
<!– </servlet> –>

<!– <servlet-mapping> –>
<!– <servlet-name>feeling</servlet-name> –>
<!– <url-pattern>/feeling</url-pattern> –>
<!– </servlet-mapping> –>

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

.project 文件：

<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”UTF-8″?>
<projectDescription>
<name>feeling</name>
<comment></comment>
<projects>
</projects>
<buildSpec>
<buildCommand>
<name>org.scala-ide.sdt.core.scalabuilder</name>
<arguments>
</arguments>
</buildCommand>
<buildCommand>
<name>org.eclipse.m2e.core.maven2Builder</name>
<arguments>
</arguments>
</buildCommand>
</buildSpec>
<natures>
<nature>org.scala-ide.sdt.core.scalanature</nature>
<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
<nature>org.eclipse.m2e.core.maven2Nature</nature>
</natures>
</projectDescription>

.classpath 文件：

<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”UTF-8″?>
<classpath>
<classpathentry kind=”src” output=”target/classes” path=”src/main/java”>
<attributes>
<attribute name=”optional” value=”true”/>
<attribute name=”maven.pomderived” value=”true”/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
<classpathentry kind=”src” output=”target/classes” path=”src/main/scala”>
<attributes>
<attribute name=”optional” value=”true”/>
<attribute name=”maven.pomderived” value=”true”/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
<classpathentry including=”**/*.java” kind=”src” path=”src/main/resources”/>
<classpathentry kind=”src” output=”target/test-classes” path=”src/test/java”>
<attributes>
<attribute name=”optional” value=”true”/>
<attribute name=”maven.pomderived” value=”true”/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
<classpathentry kind=”src” output=”target/test-classes” path=”src/test/scala”>
<attributes>
<attribute name=”optional” value=”true”/>
<attribute name=”maven.pomderived” value=”true”/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
<classpathentry including=”**/*.java” kind=”src” path=”src/test/resources”/>
<classpathentry kind=”con” path=”org.scala-ide.sdt.launching.SCALA_CONTAINER”/>
<classpathentry kind=”con” path=”org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.7″>
<attributes>
<attribute name=”maven.pomderived” value=”true”/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
<classpathentry kind=”con” path=”org.eclipse.m2e.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER”>
<attributes>
<attribute name=”maven.pomderived” value=”true”/>
</attributes>
</classpathentry>
<classpathentry kind=”output” path=”target/classes”/>
</classpath>