Oracle如何导出sys用户下的系统表

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环境：Solaris 10 + Oracle 10.2.0.4

1. 导出实例
2. 参考内容
Reference

1. 导出实例

导出 sys 用户下的 HIST_HEAD$ 和WRI$_OPTSTAT_HISTHEAD_HISTORY两张表：
由于 expdp 尝试导出失败，改用传统 exp 导出, 导出命令如下：

% nohup exp system/******  file=/tmp/jy/system_exp_2tables.dmp log=/tmp/jy/exp_system_exp_2tables.log tables=sys.HIST_HEAD\$, sys.WRI\$_OPTSTAT_HISTHEAD_HISTORY &

传统 exp 可以正常导出，导出过程显示如下：

Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期五 10月 30 13:49:51 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


连接到: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
已导出 ZHS16GBK 字符集和 AL16UTF16 NCHAR 字符集

即将导出指定的表通过常规路径...
当前的用户已更改为 SYS
. . 正在导出表                      HIST_HEAD$ 导出了   169225445 行
. . 正在导出表   WRI$_OPTSTAT_HISTHEAD_HISTORY

2. 参考内容

文档 ID 553402.1

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.2.0.3 and later
Information in this document applies to any platform.
***Checked for relevance on 29-Jan-2015***

SYMPTOMS

DataPump export of table SYS.AUD$ fails with errors:

ORA-39165: Schema SYS was not found.
ORA-39166: Object AUD$ was not found.
ORA-31655: no data or metadata objects selected for job
Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" completed with 3 error(s) at 13:49:47

CAUSE

There is a restriction on dataPump export. It cannot export schemas like SYS, ORDSYS, EXFSYS, MDSYS, DMSYS, CTXSYS, ORDPLUGINS, LBACSYS, XDB, SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA, DIP, DBSNMP and WMSYS in any mode. The Utilities Guide indicates the restriction only on full export mode, but the restriction actually applies to all modes.

SOLUTION

Export the table SYS.AUD$ using the traditional export:

#> exp system/<password> file=dumpfile.dmp log=logfile.log tables=sys.aud$

Reference

DataPump Export (EXPDP) Fails With Error ORA-39165: Schema SYS Was Not Found (文档 ID 553402.1)

注意：即使不考虑性能问题，truncate table HIST_HEAD$ 也不被允许，只能 delete 你认为不需要的记录。

SQL> truncate table WRI$_OPTSTAT_HISTHEAD_HISTORY;

表被截断。

已用时间: 00: 00: 25.98
SQL> truncate table HIST_HEAD$;
truncate table HIST_HEAD$
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00701: 无法变更热启动数据库所需的对象

% oerr ora 701
00701, 00000, “object necessary for warmstarting database cannot be altered”
// *Cause: Attempt to alter or drop a database object (table, cluster, or
// index) which are needed for warmstarting the database.
// *Action: None.

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