MySQL5.6.18解压包版在RHEL6.7上安装

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MySQL 的安装方式有三种：RPM 包、二进制包和源码包。

摘自 深入浅出 MySQL  PDF 下载见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-05/130922.htm

1、配置环境和创建用户

[root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir /opt/mysql
[root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir /mysqldata
[root@rhel6 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@rhel6 ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/flase mysql
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /opt/mysql
[root@rhel6 ~]# chown mysql:mysql /mysqldata
– 关闭 selinux
[root@rhel6 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
– 配置环境变量
[root@rhel6 scripts]# vi ~/.bash_profile
– 添加下面两条
export MYSQL_PATH=/opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_PATH/bin
[root@rhel6 scripts]# source ~/.bash_profile

2、上传并解压安装包

[root@rhel6 ~]# cd /opt/mysql/
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ls
mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@rhel6 mysql]# tar -zxvf mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysql_convert_table_format
mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test
mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqlhotcopy
mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin
mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/bin/msql2mysql
……
 
[root@rhel6 mysql]# mv mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql5.6.18
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ll
total 306412
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root      4096 Nov 13 20:38 mysql5.6.18
-rw-r–r–  1 root root 313754429 Nov 13 20:37 mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@rhel6 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql5.6.18/
[root@rhel6 mysql]# ll
total 306412
drwxr-xr-x 13 mysql mysql      4096 Nov 13 20:38 mysql5.6.18
-rw-r–r–  1 root  root  313754429 Nov 13 20:37 mysql-advanced-5.6.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

3、安装 mysql

[root@rhel6 mysql]# cd /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/support-files/
[root@rhel6 support-files]# ls
binary-configure  magic  my-default.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  mysql-log-rotate  mysql.server  solaris
[root@rhel6 support-files]# cd /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/scripts/
[root@rhel6 scripts]# ls
mysql_install_db
[root@rhel6 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db –user=mysql –basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18 –datadir=/mysqldata
WARNING: The host ‘rhel6’ could not be looked up with /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQL privileges !
 
Installing MySQL system tables…2016-11-13 20:42:18 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use –explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2016-11-13 20:42:18 1421 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
……
OK
 
Filling help tables…2016-11-13 20:42:21 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use –explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
……
OK
 
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
 
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
 
  /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘new-password’
  /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h rhel6 password ‘new-password’
 
Alternatively you can run:
 
  /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysql_secure_installation
 
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
 
See the manual for more instructions.
 
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
 
  cd . ; /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/bin/mysqld_safe &
 
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
 
  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
 
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
 
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
 
  http://www.mysql.com
 
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
 
New default config file was created as /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings
 
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
–defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

可以看到安装完成后 mysql 会给出一些提示、建议。

4、复制相关文件

[root@rhel6 scripts]# cp /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@rhel6 scripts]# cp /opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf’? yes

注意不要使用系统自带的 /etc/my.cnf 文件，否则启动 mysql 服务时会报错。

Starting MySql.. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file(/var/mysql/data/rhel6.pid).

5、修改参数

[root@rhel6 scripts]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
## 修改下面两个参数如下
basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql5.6.18
datadir=/mysqldata

6、加入开机启动

[root@rhel6 scripts]# chkconfig –levels 235 mysqld on
[root@rhel6 scripts]# chkconfig –list mysqld
mysqld            0:off  1:off  2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

7、启动 mysql 服务

[root@rhel6 scripts]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

8、连接 mysql

[root@rhel6 scripts]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.18-enterprise-commercial-advanced MySQL Enterprise Server – Advanced Edition (Commercial)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> show databases;
+——————–+
| Database          |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test              |
+——————–+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9、mysql 的帮助

1. 用“？contents”命令来显示所有可供查询的的分类
mysql> ? contents
You asked for help about help category: “Contents”
For more information, type ‘help <item>’, where <item> is one of the following
categories:
  Account Management
  Administration
  Compound Statements
  Data Definition
  Data Manipulation
  Data Types
  Functions
  Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY
  Geographic Features
  Help Metadata
  Language Structure
  Plugins
  Procedures
  Storage Engines
  Table Maintenance
  Transactions
  User-Defined Functions
  Utility
 
mysql> help data types
You asked for help about help category: “Data Types”
For more information, type ‘help <item>’, where <item> is one of the following
topics:
  AUTO_INCREMENT
  BIGINT
  BINARY
  BIT
  BLOB
  BLOB DATA TYPE
  BOOLEAN
  CHAR
  CHAR BYTE
  DATE
  DATETIME
  DEC
  DECIMAL
  DOUBLE
  DOUBLE PRECISION
  ENUM
  FLOAT
  INT
  INTEGER
  LONGBLOB
  LONGTEXT
  MEDIUMBLOB
  MEDIUMINT
  MEDIUMTEXT
  SET DATA TYPE
  SMALLINT
  TEXT
  TIME
  TIMESTAMP
  TINYBLOB
  TINYINT
  TINYTEXT
  VARBINARY
  VARCHAR
  YEAR DATA TYPE
 
mysql> help int
Name: ‘INT’
Description:
INT[(M)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL]
 
A normal-size integer. The signed range is -2147483648 to 2147483647.
The unsigned range is 0 to 4294967295.
 
URL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/numeric-type-overview.html

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