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Hadoop 官方网站中只提供了 32 位的 Hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz，如果要在 64 位 Ubuntu 下部署 Hadoop-2.2.0，就需要重新编译源码包，生成 64 位的部署包。
建议以下操作使用 root 账户，避免出现权限不足的问题。
Linux 系统：64 位 Ubuntu 14.04.1
安装 JDK
请参考文章《Ubuntu 14.04.1 中安装 JDK》http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-03/114618.htm。
安装 Maven
请参考文章《Ubuntu 14.04.1 中安装 Maven》http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-03/114619.htm。
下载 Hadoop 源码
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.2.0/hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz解压
tar -xzf hadoop-2.2.0-src.tar.gz编译源代码
cd hadoop-2.2.0-src
mvn package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar第 1 次编译：失败（hadoop pom.xml 的 bug）
错误信息：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal on project hadoop-auth: Could not resolve dependencies for project org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-auth:jar:2.2.0: Could not transfer artifact org.mortbay.jetty:jetty:jar:6.1.26 from/to central (https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2): GET request of: org/mortbay/jetty/jetty/6.1.26/jetty-6.1.26.jar from central failed: SSL peer shut down incorrectly -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/DependencyResolutionException
[ERROR]
[ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command
[ERROR] mvn -rf :hadoop-auth解决办法：
这是 hadoop 的一个 bug，在 pom.xml 中添加下面 patch 即可，详见 https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-10110。
编辑 `hadoop-common-project/hadoop-auth/pom.xml` 文件：
vi hadoop-common-project/hadoop-auth/pom.xml在 <dependencys></dependencys> 节点中插入：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-util</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>第 2 次编译：失败（未安装 protoc）
错误信息：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-maven-plugins:2.2.0:protoc (compile-protoc) on project hadoop-common: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: 'protoc --version' did not return a version -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
[ERROR]
[ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command
[ERROR] mvn -rf :hadoop-common解决办法：
根据错误信息可以知道是因为没有安装 protoc。
wget https://protobuf.googlecode.com/files/protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
tar -xzf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz
cd protobuf-2.5.0
./configure
make
make check
make install其中，在执行./configure 命令是会报如下错误：
checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... yes
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... no
checking for gcc... no
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
configure: error: in `/home/hadoop/protobuf-2.5.0':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details提示我们找不到 C 编译器，因此我们还需要安装 C 编译器。
ubuntu 提供了集成 gcc 等编译器的基本编译工具 `build-essential`，安装起来也比较方便，只需要一行命令：
apt-get install build-essential安装过程中可能会提示包找不到，建议先更新下软件源：
apt-get update安装之后验证 protobuf 的时候可能会报错以下错误：
$ protoc --version
protoc: error while loading shared libraries: libprotoc.so.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory解决如下：
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
$ protoc --version
libprotoc 2.5.0第 3 次编译：失败（未安装 cmake）
错误信息：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (make) on project hadoop-common: An Ant BuildException has occured: Execute failed: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "cmake" (in directory "/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/target/native"): error=2, No such file or directory -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
[ERROR]
[ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command
[ERROR] mvn -rf :hadoop-common解决办法：
apt-get install cmake第 4 次编译：失败（未安装 libglib2.0-dev）
错误信息：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (make) on project hadoop-common: An Ant BuildException has occured: exec returned: 1 -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
[ERROR]
[ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command
[ERROR] mvn -rf :hadoop-common解决办法：
apt-get install libglib2.0-dev第 5 次编译：失败（未安装 libssl-dev）
错误信息：
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-antrun-plugin:1.6:run (make) on project hadoop-pipes: An Ant BuildException has occured: exec returned: 1 -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
[ERROR]
[ERROR] After correcting the problems, you can resume the build with the command
[ERROR] mvn -rf :hadoop-pipes解决办法：
apt-get install libssl-dev第 6 次编译：成功
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Main ................................. SUCCESS [13.578 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project POM .......................... SUCCESS [5.183 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Annotations .......................... SUCCESS [9.527 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Assemblies ........................... SUCCESS [1.268 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Project Dist POM ..................... SUCCESS [4.717 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Maven Plugins ........................ SUCCESS [9.966 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth ................................. SUCCESS [7.368 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Auth Examples ........................ SUCCESS [3.971 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common ............................... SUCCESS [02:27 min]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop NFS .................................. SUCCESS [14.996 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Common Project ....................... SUCCESS [0.078 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS ................................. SUCCESS [02:32 min]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HttpFS ............................... SUCCESS [30.260 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS BookKeeper Journal .............. SUCCESS [19.083 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS-NFS ............................. SUCCESS [8.313 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop HDFS Project ......................... SUCCESS [0.071 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn ........................................ SUCCESS [0.542 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-api .................................... SUCCESS [01:07 min]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-common ................................. SUCCESS [48.948 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server ................................. SUCCESS [0.314 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-common .......................... SUCCESS [18.413 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager ..................... SUCCESS [23.891 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy ....................... SUCCESS [5.687 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager ................. SUCCESS [24.345 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-server-tests ........................... SUCCESS [0.721 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-client ................................. SUCCESS [8.261 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications ........................... SUCCESS [0.168 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell .......... SUCCESS [6.632 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client ............................ SUCCESS [0.261 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-core ....................... SUCCESS [40.147 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher ..... SUCCESS [3.497 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-site ................................... SUCCESS [0.164 s]
[INFO] hadoop-yarn-project ................................ SUCCESS [6.054 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-common ..................... SUCCESS [29.892 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle .................... SUCCESS [5.450 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-app ........................ SUCCESS [18.558 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs ......................... SUCCESS [9.045 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient .................. SUCCESS [7.740 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins ................. SUCCESS [2.819 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Examples ................... SUCCESS [12.523 s]
[INFO] hadoop-mapreduce ................................... SUCCESS [5.321 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop MapReduce Streaming .................. SUCCESS [8.999 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distributed Copy ..................... SUCCESS [13.044 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Archives ............................. SUCCESS [3.739 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Rumen ................................ SUCCESS [11.307 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Gridmix .............................. SUCCESS [8.223 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Data Join ............................ SUCCESS [6.296 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Extras ............................... SUCCESS [6.341 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Pipes ................................ SUCCESS [14.662 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools Dist ........................... SUCCESS [2.694 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Tools ................................ SUCCESS [0.063 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Distribution ......................... SUCCESS [44.996 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Client ............................... SUCCESS [16.908 s]
[INFO] Apache Hadoop Mini-Cluster ......................... SUCCESS [5.014 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 15:23 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2014-10-04T14:54:28+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 69M/215M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------编译成果
编译生产的文件在 `~/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target` 目录中。
$ ls ~/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target
antrun hadoop-2.2.0 hadoop-dist-2.2.0-javadoc.jar test-dir
dist-layout-stitching.sh hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz javadoc-bundle-options
dist-tar-stitching.sh hadoop-dist-2.2.0.jar maven-archiver其中 hadoop-2.2.0 是编译后的文件夹，hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz 是编译后的打包文件。
验证
$ cd ~/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.2.0/lib/native/
$ file libhadoop.so.1.0.0
libhadoop.so.1.0.0: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, BuildID[sha1]=fb43b4ebd092ae8b4a427719b8907e6fdb223ed9, not stripped可以看到，libhadoop.so.1.0.0 已经是 64 位的了。
拷贝
将编译好的 64 位 hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz 部署包，拷贝到当前用户目录。
cp ~/hadoop-2.2.0-src/hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz ~Ubuntu14.04 下 Hadoop2.4.1 单机 / 伪分布式安装配置教程 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/113487.htm
CentOS 安装和配置 Hadoop2.2.0 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-01/94685.htm
Ubuntu 13.04 上搭建 Hadoop 环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-06/86106.htm
Ubuntu 12.10 +Hadoop 1.2.1 版本集群配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-09/90600.htm
Ubuntu 上搭建 Hadoop 环境（单机模式 + 伪分布模式）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/77681.htm
Ubuntu 下 Hadoop 环境的配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/74539.htm
单机版搭建 Hadoop 环境图文教程详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-02/53927.htm
搭建 Hadoop 环境（在 Winodws 环境下用虚拟机虚拟两个 Ubuntu 系统进行搭建）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-12/48894.htm
更多 Hadoop 相关信息见Hadoop 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=13
正文完
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