共计 7881 个字符，预计需要花费 20 分钟才能阅读完成。
本章将介绍在阿里云的 CentOS 6.5 模板上安装 Docker 以及在 Ubuntu 14.04 模板上安装 Docker 的过程（见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109108.htm）
CentOS 6.5 模板上使用 Docker
首先，通过 ssh 登陆阿里云的服务器，查看系统版本号以及内核版本。
Welcome to aliyun Elastic Compute Service!
# lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Release: 6.5
Codename: Final
# uname -a
Linux xxxxxxx 2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Jul 31 17:20:51 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
升级内核
因为 Docker 推荐使用 3.8 以上内核，所以我们选择使用 YUM 方式来升级内核。
导入 KEY , 安装软件源。在 YUM 的 ELRepo 源中，有 mainline（3.13.1）、long-term（3.10.28）这 2 个内核版本，考虑到 long-term 更稳定，会长期更新，所以选择这个版本。
# rpm –import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
# yum –enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y
Loaded plugins: security
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
base/primary_db | 4.6 MB 00:00
elrepo | 2.9 kB 00:00
elrepo/primary_db | 709 kB 00:46
elrepo-kernel | 2.9 kB 00:00
elrepo-kernel/primary_db | 20 kB 00:01
epel | 4.4 kB 00:00
epel/primary_db | 6.3 MB 00:01
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
extras/primary_db | 29 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 181 kB 00:00
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package kernel-lt.x86_64 0:3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=====================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=====================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
kernel-lt x86_64 3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo elrepo-kernel 33 M
Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 33 M
Installed size: 153 M
Downloading Packages:
kernel-lt-3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 33 MB 28:58
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : kernel-lt-3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : kernel-lt-3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
kernel-lt.x86_64 0:3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo
Complete!
vi /etc/grub.conf 修改默认的启动内核，新安装的内核一般在第一个，这里把 default = 1 改为 default = 0 就好了。
default=1
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64 ro root=UUID=94e4e384-0ace-437f-bc96-057dd64f42ee rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
initrd /boot/initramfs-3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64.img
title CentOS (2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=94e4e384-0ace-437f-bc96-057dd64f42ee rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet
initrd /boot/initramfs-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64.img
~
重启云主机，查看内核是否升级成功。
# uname -a
Linux xxxxxxx 3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Oct 30 23:46:31 EDT 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
安装 Docker
安装软件源，安装 Docker 软件。
# yum install http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# yum install docker-io
启动 Docker
安装平常的方法启动 Docker 之后，发现仍然提示有问题。
# service docker start
Starting cgconfig service: [OK]
Starting docker: [OK]
# docker version
Client version: 1.2.0
Client API version: 1.14
Go version (client): go1.3.3
Git commit (client): fa7b24f/1.2.0
OS/Arch (client): linux/amd64
2014/11/05 21:03:08 Cannot connect to the Docker daemon. Is ‘docker -d’ running on this host?
使用 docker -d 来查看详细的启动过程。
# docker -d
2014/11/05 21:10:56 docker daemon: 1.2.0 fa7b24f/1.2.0; execdriver: native; graphdriver:
[40a2dcc2] +job serveapi(unix:///var/run/docker.sock)
[info] Listening for HTTP on unix (/var/run/docker.sock)
[40a2dcc2] +job init_networkdriver()
[40a2dcc2.init_networkdriver()] creating new bridge for docker0
Could not find a free IP address range for interface ‘docker0’. Please configure its address manually and run ‘docker -b docker0’
[40a2dcc2] -job init_networkdriver() = ERR (1)
2014/11/05 21:10:56 Could not find a free IP address range for interface ‘docker0’. Please configure its address manually and run ‘docker -b docker0’
提示我们没有空余 ip 分配给 docker0 了。
那我们就使用 –bip 参数来手工分配给 ip 地址。比如：
# docker –bip=192.168.100.1/24 -d &
[2] 2388
[root@iZ23pznlje4Z ~]# 2014/11/05 21:16:55 docker daemon: 1.2.0 fa7b24f/1.2.0; execdriver: native; graphdriver:
[dc6906e7] +job serveapi(unix:///var/run/docker.sock)
[info] Listening for HTTP on unix (/var/run/docker.sock)
[dc6906e7] +job init_networkdriver()
[dc6906e7] -job init_networkdriver() = OK (0)
2014/11/05 21:16:55 WARNING: Your kernel does not support cgroup swap limit.
[info] Loading containers:
[info] : done.
[dc6906e7] +job acceptconnections()
[dc6906e7] -job acceptconnections() = OK (0)
这里提示警告 Your kernel does not support cgroup swap limit.，我们可以使用 lxc-checkconfig 来检查。
# lxc-checkconfig
Kernel configuration not found at /proc/config.gz; searching…
Kernel configuration found at /boot/config-3.10.59-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64
— Namespaces —
Namespaces: enabled
Utsname namespace: enabled
Ipc namespace: enabled
Pid namespace: enabled
User namespace: missing
Network namespace: enabled
Multiple /dev/pts instances: enabled
— Control groups —
Cgroup: enabled
Cgroup clone_children flag: enabled
Cgroup device: enabled
Cgroup sched: enabled
Cgroup cpu account: enabled
Cgroup memory controller: enabled
Cgroup cpuset: enabled
— Misc —
Veth pair device: enabled
Macvlan: enabled
Vlan: enabled
File capabilities: enabled
Note : Before booting a new kernel, you can check its configuration
usage : CONFIG=/path/to/config /usr/bin/lxc-checkconfig
可以看到 Control groups 项目都是支持的，所以我们暂时忽略这个告警。
测试使用
由于 Aliyun 的网络直接 pull 官方镜像也不是很稳定，这里推荐使用 linuxidc.com 官方网站的标准 ubuntu 镜像来测试。
下载镜像，重新标记镜像。
# docker pull dl.linuxidc.com.com:5000/ubuntu:14.04
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
dl.linuxidc.com.com:5000/ubuntu latest 5506de2b643b 12 days ago 197.8 MB
# docker tag 550 ubuntu
# docker rmi dl.linuxidc.com.com:5000/ubuntu
[dc6906e7] +job image_delete(dl.linuxidc.com.com:5000/ubuntu)
[dc6906e7] +job log(untag, 5506de2b643be1e6febbf3b8a240760c6843244c41e12aa2f60ccbb7153d17f5,)
[dc6906e7] -job log(untag, 5506de2b643be1e6febbf3b8a240760c6843244c41e12aa2f60ccbb7153d17f5,) = OK (0)
[dc6906e7] -job image_delete(dl.linuxidc.com.com:5000/ubuntu) = OK (0)
Untagged: dl.linuxidc.com.com:5000/ubuntu:latest
启动容器，并测试网络。
# docker run -ti ubuntu
root@66ff9a55a4f5:/# ping www.linuxidc.com.com
PING www.linuxidc.com.com (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C64 bytes from 203.195.193.251: icmp_seq=1 ttl=47 time=31.4 ms
CentOS 6/ 7 系列安装 Docker http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-07/104768.htm
Docker 的搭建 Gitlab CI 全过程详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-12/93537.htm
Docker 安装应用(CentOS 6.5_x64) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-07/104595.htm
在 Docker 中使用 MySQL http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-01/95354.htm
在 Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 (LTS) (64-bit)安装 Docker http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/108184.htm
Docker 安装应用(CentOS 6.5_x64) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-07/104595.htm
Docker 的详细介绍：请点这里
Docker 的下载地址：请点这里
更多 CentOS 相关信息见CentOS 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=14
